Chemical element

A chemical element or element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (i.e. the same atomic number, Z). There are 118 elements that have been identified, of which the first 94 occur naturally on Earth with the remaining 24 being synthetic elements. There are 80 elements that have at least one stable isotope and 38 that have exclusively radioactive isotopes, which decay over time into other elements. Iron is the most abundant element (by mass) making up the Earth, while oxygen is the most common element in the crust of the earth.

Chemical elements constitute all of the ordinary matter of the universe. However astronomical observations suggest that ordinary observable matter is only approximately 15% of the matter in the universe: the remainder is dark matter, the composition of which is unknown, but it is not composed of chemical elements. The two lightest elements, hydrogen and helium were mostly formed in the Big Bang and are the most common elements in the universe. The next three elements (lithium, beryllium and boron) were formed mostly by cosmic ray spallation, and are thus more rare than those that follow. Formation of elements with from six to twenty six protons occurred and continues to occur in main sequence stars via stellar nucleosynthesis. The high abundance of oxygen, silicon, and iron on Earth reflects their common production in such stars. Elements with greater than twenty-six protons are formed by supernova nucleosynthesis in supernovae, which, when they explode, blast these elements far into space as planetary nebulae, where they may become incorporated into planets when they are formed.

Element (criminal law)

Under United States law, an element of a crime (or element of an offense) is one of a set of facts that must all be proven to convict a defendant of a crime. Before a court finds a defendant guilty of a criminal offense, the prosecution must present evidence that, even when opposed by any evidence the defense may choose to present, is credible and sufficient to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed each element of the particular crime charged. The component parts that make up any particular crime vary depending on the crime.

The basic components of an offense are listed below; generally, each element of an offense falls into one or another of these categories. At common law, conduct could not be considered criminal unless a defendant possessed some level of intention — either purpose, knowledge, or recklessness — with regard to both the nature of his alleged conduct and the existence of the factual circumstances under which the law considered that conduct criminal. However, for some legislatively enacted crimes, the most notable example being statutory rape, a defendant need not have had any degree of belief or willful disregard as to the existence of certain factual circumstances (such as the age of the accuser) that rendered his conduct criminal; such crimes are known as strict liability offenses.

Element (UML)

In the Unified Modeling Language (UML), an Element is an abstract class with no superclass. It is used as the superclass or base class, as known by object oriented programmers, for all the metaclasses in the UML infrastructure library. All other elements in the UML inherit, directly or indirectly from Element. An Element has a derived composition association to itself to support the general capability for elements to own other elements. As such, it has no additional attributes as part of its specification.

Associations

An association describes a set of tuples of typed instances.

  • ownedComment: Comment[*]: An Element may own, or have associated to it, an arbitrary quantity of comments. A comment is sometimes referred to as a note. The asterisk in brackets is the Comment's multiplicity which means that there can be an arbitrary number of comments owned by an Element.
  • / ownedElement: Element[*]: An Element may own an arbitrary quantity of elements. This is called a derived union, symbolized by the forward slash notation. The asterisk in brackets is the Element's multiplicity which means that there can be an arbitrary number of elements owned by an Element.
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    PLAYLIST TIME:

    Element

    by: Vision Of Disorder

    And to the brink I will rise
    Rise!
    You wanna be on top you'd better stay on top
    Fight the wake keep your distance
    Loss of everything beat your face in
    Nine to five keep your distance
    You, you keep away from me
    You keep away from their ingenuity
    Never gonna get what you want
    Unless you stay dedicated
    You ain't never gonna be the gleam
    That keeps us all together
    Strength from within
    Regulate and Isolate
    Break yourself make mistakes
    Rearrange and learn from what you've done
    Reinstate, Copulate loss of fate be yourself
    To you want tell yourself you'll be what you want to be
    Sometimes the violence gets to me
    Makes me so sick I can't even see
    I will prevail
    Good times followed by the hard times
    And the good shall return and this I do swear
    Though my eyes I have seen your o.k.
    Through suffocation, dedication I will rise
    Through the heartbreak through the sorrow
    Let it pass by till tomorrow
    Yes the city breathes still you run
    Harm yourself from yourself
    Still we crawl on this wall
    Faces pale afraid to fall
    As we plummet as we plunder
    We learn a lesson that lasts forever




    Latest News for: element

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