Edge city

An edge city is an American term for a concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment outside a traditional downtown (or central business district) in what had previously been a residential or rural area. The term was popularized in the 1991 book Edge City: Life on the New Frontier by Joel Garreau, who established its current meaning while working as a reporter for the Washington Post. Garreau argues that the edge city has become the standard form of urban growth worldwide, representing a 20th-century urban form unlike that of the 19th-century central downtown. Other terms for the areas include suburban activity centers, megacenters, and suburban business districts.

Definitions

In 1991, Garreau established five rules for a place to be considered an edge city:

Edge (video game)

Edge (also known as Edgy or Edge by Mobigame) is a puzzle game developed by Mobigame for the iOS devices. Originally released on the iTunes App Store in December 2008, it has been removed and re-added to the store multiple times due to a trademark dispute with Tim Langdell of Edge Games, concerning the use of the word "Edge" in the title. The game was released on PlayStation Minis in Europe and Australia on December 2, 2010 and September 20, 2011 in North America. The game was released on Steam on August 11, 2011 and on Android along with Edge Extended on January 31, 2012, as part of the first Android Humble Indie Bundle, followed by a release on Wii U on November 21, 2013. Edge was also released for the Nintendo 3DS on December 26, 2013.

Gameplay

The gameplay involves guiding a cube around 48 levels (the three last levels have to be unlocked by taking all the prisms in the 45 previous levels) collecting coloured prisms by dragging the finger across a touch screen (or using analogue controls on PC and Wii U), taking care not to fall off the paths. By dragging hard enough, the player can make the cube climb over steps. By balancing the cube along the edge of a wall or space, players can hang across certain edges in order to cross large gaps. In addition to dragging, the game can be controlled by on-screen keys or the iPhone's tilt-sensing accellerometer. Certain areas will cause the cube to shrink, allowing it to fit into smaller gaps and climb up walls. Collecting all prisms in a level and clearing it quickly earns players an S rank.

Edge (Daryl Braithwaite album)

Edge is an album by Daryl Braithwaite released in late 1988. It reached No. 1 on the Australian ARIA Charts for 3 weeks in 1989.

Track listing

Personnel

Edge (geometry)

In geometry, an edge is a particular type of line segment joining two vertices in a polygon, polyhedron, or higher-dimensional polytope. In a polygon, an edge is a line segment on the boundary, and is often called a side. (Thus a segment joining two vertices while passing through the interior or exterior is not an edge but instead is called a diagonal.) In a polyhedron or more generally a polytope, an edge is a line segment where two two-dimensional faces meet.

Relation to edges in graphs

In graph theory, an edge is an abstract object connecting two graph vertices, unlike polygon and polyhedron edges which have a concrete geometric representation as a line segment. However, any polyhedron can be represented by its skeleton or edge-skeleton, a graph whose vertices are the geometric vertices of the polyhedron and whose edges correspond to the geometric edges. Conversely, the graphs that are skeletons of three-dimensional polyhedra can be characterized by Steinitz's theorem as being exactly the 3-vertex-connected planar graphs.

City

A city is a large and permanent human settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town in general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.

Cities generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation. The concentration of development greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses, benefiting both parties in the process, but it also presents challenges to managing urban growth.

A big city or metropolis usually has associated suburbs and exurbs. Such cities are usually associated with metropolitan areas and urban areas, creating numerous business commuters traveling to urban centers for employment. Once a city expands far enough to reach another city, this region can be deemed a conurbation or megalopolis. In terms of population, the largest city proper is Shanghai, while the fastest-growing is Dubai.

Origins

There is not enough evidence to assert what conditions gave rise to the first cities. Some theorists have speculated on what they consider suitable pre-conditions and basic mechanisms that might have been important driving forces.

Administrative divisions of Texas

Texas has a total of 254 counties, many cities, and numerous special districts, the most common of which is the independent school district.

County

Texas has a total of 254 counties, by far the largest number of counties of any state.

Each county is run by a five-member Commissioners' Court consisting of four commissioners elected from single-member districts (called commissioner precincts) and a county judge elected at-large. The county judge does not have authority to veto a decision of the commissioners court; the judge votes along with the commissioners (being the tie-breaker in close calls). In smaller counties, the county judge actually does perform judicial duties, but in larger counties the judge's role is limited to serving on the commissioners court and certifying elections. Certain officials, such as the sheriff and tax collector, are elected separately by the voters, but the commissioners court determines their office budgets, and sets overall county policy. All county elections are partisan, and commissioner precincts are redistricted after each ten year Census both to equalize the voting power in each and in consideration of the political party preferences of the voters in each.

List of cities and towns in Alabama

Alabama is a state located in the Southern United States. According to the 2010 United States Census, Alabama is the 23rd most populous state with 4,779,745 inhabitants and the 28th largest by land area spanning 50,645.33 square miles (131,170.8 km²) of land.Alabama is divided into 67 counties and contains 460 incorporated municipalities consisting of 169 cities and 291 towns. These cities and towns cover only 7000960000000000000♠9.6% of the state's land mass but are home to 7001604000000000000♠60.4% of its population.

The Code of Alabama 1975 defines the legal use of the terms "town" and "city" based on population. A municipality with a population of 2,000 or more is a city, while less than 2,000 is a town. For legislative purposes, municipalities are divided into eight classes based on population. Class 1 is defined as all cities with a population of 300,000. Although no cities in the state currently meet this population requirement, Birmingham was allowed to remain a class 1 city since it incorporated with a 1970 population of 300,910 before the cutoff date of June 28, 1979. Class 2 are cities between 175,000 and 299,999 inhabitants which include present day Montgomery, Mobile, and Huntsville. There are no present Class 3 cities which require populations between 100,000 and 174,999 inhabitants. Tuscaloosa, Hoover, Dothan, Decatur and Auburn are Class 4 cities with between 50,000 and 99,999 inhabitants. Ten cities fall under Class 5: a population greater than 25,000 and less than 49,999. There are 34 cities that are Class 6, with between 12,000 and 24,999 inhabitants, and 40 cities that are Class 7 with a population from 6,000 to 11,999 inhabitants. Class 8 includes all towns, plus all remaining cities with populations of less than 6,000.