Echo

In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo (plural echoes) is a reflection of sound, arriving at the listener some time after the direct sound. Typical examples are the echo produced by the bottom of a well, by a building, or by the walls of an enclosed room and an empty room. A true echo is a single reflection of the sound source. The time delay is the extra distance divided by the speed of sound. The word echo derives from the Greek ἠχώ (ēchō), itself from ἦχος (ēchos), "sound".Echo in the folk story of Greek is a mountain nymph whose ability to speak was cursed, only able to repeat the last words anyone spoke to her. Animals that use echoes are cetaceans (dolphins and whales) and bats.

Acoustic phenomenon

If so many reflections arrive at a listener that they are unable to distinguish between them, the proper term is reverberation. An echo can be explained as a wave that has been reflected by a discontinuity in the propagation medium, and returns with sufficient magnitude and delay to be perceived. Echoes are reflected off walls or hard surfaces like mountains and privacy fences.

Echo (Marvel Comics)

Echo (Maya Lopez), also known as Ronin, is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics superheroine and a supporting character of Daredevil. She makes her first appearance in Daredevil Vol. 2, #9 (Dec. 1999), and was created by David Mack and Joe Quesada. She is a Native American and one of the very few deaf comic characters.

When she dons her "Echo" guise, she is easily recognizable by a white hand print which covers most of her face.

Character creation

The identity of Ronin was an attempt by New Avengers writer Brian Michael Bendis to create a mystery after the apparently male character was depicted on several comic book covers, including issues of New Avengers, and one Pulse issue. Fan speculation was high, with the most common guess that Ronin was Daredevil (despite Bendis initially denying that this was the case, he eventually revealed this to be the original intention). However, Avengers: The Ultimate Guide, a DK Press book, revealed Ronin to be Echo weeks before the slightly delayed release of New Avengers #13, where Ronin's true identity was belatedly revealed.

Ghosts of the Past (album)

Ghosts of the Past is the fifth studio album by Australian rock band Eskimo Joe, released on 12 August 2011.

It is the band's first album to be released on their independent record label, Dirt Diamonds Productions. In an interview with the band, they described the album's sound as less polished than their previous album. Recording for the album began in late 2010 and finished in February 2011. The first track to be released and heard from the album's recording sessions was "When We Were Kids". On 24 June 2011, the first single titled "Love is a Drug" was released for download on iTunes and to radio stations across Australia.

Track listing

All songs written and composed by Eskimo Joe. 

Personnel

Release history

References

Mandragora officinarum

Mandragora officinarum or mandrake is the type species of the plant genus Mandragora. As of 2015, sources differ significantly in the species they use for Mandragora plants native to the Mediterranean region. In the narrowest circumscription, M. officinarum is limited to small areas of northern Italy and the coast of former Yugoslavia, and the main species found around the Mediterranean is called Mandragora autumnalis, the autumn mandrake. In a broader circumscription, all the plants native to the countries around the Mediterranean Sea are placed in M. officinarum, which thus includes M. autumnalis. The names autumn mandrake and Mediterranean mandrake are then used. Whatever the circumscription, Mandragora officinarum is a perennial herbaceous plant with ovate leaves arranged in a rosette, a thick upright root, often branched, and bell-shaped flowers followed by yellow or orange berries.

Because mandrakes contain deliriant hallucinogenic tropane alkaloids and the shape of their roots often resembles human figures, they have been associated with a variety of superstitious practices throughout history. They have long been used in magic rituals, today also in contemporary pagan traditions such as Wicca and Odinism. However, the so-called "mandrakes" used in this way are not always species of Mandragora let alone Mandragora officinarum; for example, Bryonia alba, the English mandrake, is explicitly mentioned in some sources.