Duty of care

In tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation which is imposed on an individual requiring adherence to a standard of reasonable care while performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others. It is the first element that must be established to proceed with an action in negligence. The claimant must be able to show a duty of care imposed by law which the defendant has breached. In turn, breaching a duty may subject an individual to liability. The duty of care may be imposed by operation of law between individuals with no current direct relationship (familial or contractual or otherwise), but eventually become related in some manner, as defined by common law (meaning case law).

Duty of care may be considered a formalisation of the social contract, the implicit responsibilities held by individuals towards others within society. It is not a requirement that a duty of care be defined by law, though it will often develop through the jurisprudence of common law.

Development of the general duty of care

Duty of care (business associations)

In United States corporation and business association law (particularly Delaware law and the Revised Model Business Corporation Act), a duty of care is part of the fiduciary duty owed to a corporation by its directors. The other aspects of fiduciary duty are a director's Duty of Loyalty and (possibly) duty of good faith.

Put simply, a director owes a duty to exercise good business judgment and to use ordinary care and prudence in the operation of the business. They must discharge their actions in good faith and in the best interest of the corporation, exercising the care an ordinary person would use under similar circumstances.

Directors' decisions are typically protected under the business judgment rule, unless they breach one of these duties or unless the decision constitutes waste. A breach of fiduciary duty will typically remove a director's decision from business judgment protection and require that the director show entire fairness.

Waste

Directors have a duty not to waste corporate assets by overpaying for property or employment services. Thus the definition of waste is an exchange so one-sided that no business person of ordinary, sound judgment could conclude the corporation has received adequate consideration. This is difficult to prove in a court of law.

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Latest News for: duty of care

Convicted murderer death in custody: Police failed in duty of care

NewstalkZB 24 Mar 2025
Police failed in their duty of care for a woman who died in police cells hours after she was convicted of murdering her father, the Independent Police Conduct Authority (IPCA) has found. .

ICYMI: Child Safety Experts Testify in Support of "Duty of Care" to Protect Kids Online (Richard Blumenthal)

Public Technologies 12 Mar 2025
"There needs to be a duty of care because ultimately these children are on their platforms," answered John Pizzuro, the CEO of Raven, an advocacy organization focused on focused on ending child exploitation.

Blog: Appeal of Milieudefensie v Shell, shifted duty of care & future litigation (Stichting VU)

Public Technologies 06 Mar 2025
The author of this blog provides a short overview of the Judgment of Shell v Milieudefensie case in the Court of Appeal of the Hague ... This shows a shift of climate change burden, from companies to states.
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