Drink

A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to basic needs, beverages form part of the culture of human society. Although all beverages, including juice, soft drinks, and carbonated drinks, have some form of water in them, water itself is often not classified as a beverage, and the word beverage has been recurrently defined as not referring to water.

An alcoholic beverage is a drink containing ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, although in chemistry the definition of an alcohol includes many other compounds. Alcoholic beverages, such as wine, beer, and liquor, have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.

Non-alcoholic beverages often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine but are made with less than .5 percent alcohol by volume. The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.

Biology

When the human body becomes dehydrated it experiences the sensation of thirst. This craving of fluids results in an instinctive need to drink. Thirst is regulated by the hypothalamus in response to subtle changes in the body's electrolyte levels, and also as a result of changes in the volume of blood circulating. The complete elimination of beverages, i.e. water, from the body will result in death faster than the removal of any other substance. Water and milk have been basic drinks throughout history. As water is essential for life, it has also been the carrier of many diseases.

Lil Jon

Jonathan Smith (born January 17, 1971), better known by his stage name Lil Jon, is an American rapper, record producer, entrepreneur, DJ and actor. He was the frontman of the group Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz, which he formed in 1997, and they released several albums until 2004. He then went solo and released a new album in 2010 titled Crunk Rock. He was also featured on Celebrity Apprentice during its 11th and 13th seasons.

Life and career

Beginnings

Born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia, Smith graduated from Frederick Douglass High School in Atlanta. After working as a DJ for Atlanta night clubs, he started working for So So Def Recordings between 1993 and 2000.

Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz

Smith took the stage name Lil Jon and formed musical group Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz with rappers Big Sam (born Sammie Dernard Norris) and Lil' Bo (born Wendell Maurice Neal). The group signed to the Atlanta-based Mirror Image Records and were distributed by Ichiban Records. In 1997, Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz debuted with Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album. It included singles "Who U Wit?" and "Shawty Freak a Lil' Sumthin'", the latter of which came out in 1998. Both singles charted on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at No. 70 and No. 62 respectively. In 2000, Jon took part in starting up his own label BME Recordings and signed a distribution agreement with Norcross, Georgia-based Southern Music Distribution. There he released his breakthrough album titled We Still Crunk!. Among the tracks on that project was the hit single "I Like Those Girls", which reached No. 55 on the R&B chart and No. 3 on the Hot Rap Tracks chart.

Pepsiman (video game)

Pepsiman (Japanese: ペプシマン, Hepburn: Pepushiman) is an action video game developed and published by KID for the PlayStation on March 4, 1999, in Japan. It is based on Pepsi's superhero mascot with the same name, and focuses the player on avoiding obstacles by running, dashing, and jumping, while Pepsiman automatically runs forward through each of the game's stages. The game was made on a low budget; this prompted the decision to make videos in-between stages that show an American man drinking Pepsi, as they were cheap to produce. The game also features 3D cutscenes, which the future visual novel writer Kotaro Uchikoshi created 3D models for. While an American publisher did look into acquiring the rights to publish the game in the United States, it remained a Japan-exclusive game in the end.

Reviewers frequently compared the game to other games, including Crash Bandicoot, and commented on its simplicity and its price, which was thought to be low. A writer for Complex included it on a list of company-branded games that "didn't suck", commenting that it is not a bad game as long as the player can tolerate the large amount of advertisement in it, while a reviewer of Destructoid said that the game was funny but not great, calling it "charmingly brain-dead". According to Uchikoshi, the game did not sell well.

Flashback (Joan Jett album)

Flashback is the eighth studio album, and a compilation album of outtakes and rare songs released by Joan Jett and the Blackhearts. The album was initially released in late 1993 and was reissued in 1998 with a slightly different track listing. The 1998 version dropped five tracks from the 1993 release: "Summertime Blues", "Louie Louie", "Star Star", "Stand Up for Yourself," and "Call Me Lightning" and replaced them with "Real Wild Child (Wild One)", a live version of " Bad Reputation", and "Right 'Til the End", which was only available on the cassette version of the 1993 release. "Call Me Lightning" and "Summertime Blues" were later added as bonus tracks on reissues of Bad Reputation and "Louie Louie" became a bonus track on the reissue of I Love Rock 'N Roll. "Star Star" was included as an unlisted "surprise" track on the 1983 cassette release of Album, but was later removed after the original cassette was pulled from some stores because of non-labelled "explicit" track lyrics. The song was restored on the CD release.

Trojan BackDoor.Flashback

Trojan BackDoor.Flashback, commonly referred to as the Flashback Trojan, is a Trojan horse affecting personal computer systems running Mac OS X. The first variant of Flashback was discovered by antivirus company Intego in September 2011.

Infection

According to the Russian antivirus company Dr. Web, a modified version of the "BackDoor.Flashback.39" variant of the Flashback Trojan has infected over 600,000 Mac computers, forming a botnet that includes 274 bots located in Cupertino, California. The findings were confirmed one day later by another computer security firm, Kaspersky Lab. This variant of the malware was first detected in April 2012 by Finland-based computer security firm F-Secure. Dr. Web estimated that in early April 2012, 56.6% of infected computers were located within the United States, 19.8% in Canada, 12.8% in the United Kingdom and 6.1% in Australia.

Details

The Trojan targets a Java vulnerability on Mac OS X. The system is infected after the user is redirected to a compromised bogus site, where JavaScript code causes an applet containing an exploit to load. An executable file is saved on the local machine, which is used to download and run malicious code from a remote location. The malware also switches between various servers for optimised load balancing. Each bot is given a unique ID that is sent to the control server. The trojan, however, will only infect the user visiting the infected web page, meaning other users on the computer are not infected unless their user accounts have been infected separately.

Flashback (After School song)

"Flashback" is the fifth Korean single album released by South Korean girl group, After School. The maxi-single marks the first appearance of fifth generation member, Kaeun. This also marks the first comeback since Kahi's official graduation from the group to pursue a solo career.

Background

On April 9, 2012, Pledis revealed that a brand new member would be added to the group. The following day, the member was officially revealed to be Kaeun and details regarding a Korean comeback in June were revealed.

On June 11, 2012, the first teaser image, featuring all eight members, for the comeback was released to the public via Pledis Entertainment's website. Later that day the title of the maxi-single was revealed, "Flashback", along with the tracklist. The following day, a second teaser picture was released featuring third generation member Lizzy. The photo showed that the group are returning to their sexy concept as Lizzy was seen wearing black mesh clothing and was in a seductive, sultry pose which is similar to the concept the group had when they debuted. A day after Lizzy's teaser photo, Uie's photo was revealed, followed by Nana & Raina, Jungah, Juyeon, and lastly E-Young & Kaeun. Although it was speculated that Nana would become the leader, Pledis announced the empty leader position with the graduation of Kahi will be taken on by Jungah.