Throughput of a network can be measured using various tools available on different platforms. This page explains the theory behind what these tools set out to measure and the issues regarding these measurements.
Reasons for measuring throughput in networks. People are often concerned about measuring the maximum data throughput in bits per second of a communications link or network access. A typical method of performing a measurement is to transfer a 'large' file from one system to another system and measure the time required to complete the transfer or copy of the file. The throughput is then calculated by dividing the file size by the time to get the throughput in megabits, kilobits, or bits per second.
Unfortunately, the results of such an exercise will often result in the goodput which is less than the maximum theoretical data throughput, leading to people believing that their communications link is not operating correctly. In fact, there are many overheads accounted for in throughput in addition to transmission overheads, including latency, TCP Receive Window size and system limitations, which means the calculated goodput does not reflect the maximum achievable throughput.
The Twin Bing is a candy bar made by the Palmer Candy Company of Sioux City, Iowa. It consists of two round, chewy, cherry-flavored nougats coated with a mixture of chopped peanuts and chocolate.
The company also produces individual Bings, as well as the King Bing, a package of three. The original Bing was introduced in 1923 (the year of the company's 45th anniversary), and the Twin Bing in 1973. The Bing originally came in four flavors; cherry, pineapple, vanilla and maple. The cherry Twin Bing was the most popular so the other flavors were discontinued except for special promotions by Palmer Candy Company.
Bing (1942–26 October 1955) was a dog who received the Dickin Medal in 1947 from the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals for bravery in service during the Second World War.
An Alsatian and Collie cross, Bing (originally named "Brian") was given to the army in 1944 when his owners, the Fetch family from Loughborough in Leicestershire, were no longer able to feed him due to rationing. He was trained at the Army War Dog Training School near Potters Bar in Hertfordshire. On joining the army Bing was given the number 2720/6871 and first saw action with his handler and trainer Lance Corporal Ken Bailey in a Recce Platoon with the 13th Parachute Battalion, part of the 6th Airborne Division, over Normandy on D-Day on 6 June 1944. He had to be 'helped' out of the 'plane with a piece of meat before landing in a tree and having to be rescued; later he was wounded in action. His injuries were treated at the Vet Kennels near Stockport. Bing was trained to locate the enemy and protect military personnel, and served in France until September 1944.
Dreams is a 2004 Tamil Malayalam romantic film directed by Kasthuri Raja and produced by Saraswathi Srikanth. The film featured Raja's son Dhanush in the lead role with Diya and Parul Yadav playing other pivotal roles. The film opened to negative reviews and became a failure at the box office.
The project was launched shortly after the success of Thulluvadho Ilamai in 2002, but as Dhanush's Kaadhal Kondein became a large success, Dreams was stalled temporarily as Dhanush's dates became blocked. The film ran into a legal tussle with the makers of his other film, Sullan, with the producers adamant that Dreams was released first although to no avail. The film's delay meant that Dhanush shot ten straight days for the project to complete it, while the delay also had resulted in failings in continuity. By the time of the release, the producer Srikanth and director Kastoori Raja were still engaged in a legal tussle.
"Dreams" is a song written by singer Stevie Nicks, for the group Fleetwood Mac's 1977 album, Rumours. It is the only U.S. No. 1 hit for the group where it sold over a million copies, and remains one of their best known songs.
The members of Fleetwood Mac were experiencing emotional upheavals while recording Rumours. Drummer Mick Fleetwood was going through a divorce. Bassist John McVie was separating from his wife, keyboardist Christine McVie. Guitarist Lindsey Buckingham and lead singer Stevie Nicks were ending their eight-year relationship. "We had to go through this elaborate exercise of denial," explained Buckingham to Blender magazine, "keeping our personal feelings in one corner of the room while trying to be professional in the other."
Nicks wrote the song at the Record Plant studio in Sausalito, California, in early 1976. "One day when I wasn't required in the main studio," remembers singer Stevie Nicks to Blender, "I took a Fender Rhodes piano and went into another studio that was said to belong to Sly, of Sly & the Family Stone. It was a black-and-red room, with a sunken pit in the middle where there was a piano, and a big black-velvet bed with Victorian drapes."
Dreams is the nineteenth album by Klaus Schulze. It was released in 1986, and in 2005 was the third Schulze album reissued by Revisited Records. The reissue bonus track was released early 2004 in Hambühren as a limited promo CD Ion.
All tracks composed by Klaus Schulze.