Drano
Drano (or Drāno) is a drain cleaner product manufactured by S. C. Johnson & Son.
Crystal Drano
According to the National Institutes of Health's Household Products Database, the crystal form is composed of sodium hydroxide (lye), sodium nitrate, sodium chloride (salt), and aluminum.
The colored crystals in Drano are for appearance only; lye is white in color. Lye decomposes most organic matter and is particularly effective on fat, grease and hair which are materials which often clog drains. As the decomposition is more rapid if the temperature of the mixture is higher, and lye reacting with aluminum produces heat, shards of aluminum are an ingredient in Drano. Several chemical reactions take place here:
When Drano is added to water, the sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, and sodium chloride dissolve. The heat of solution liberated when sodium hydroxide is dissolved warms the mixture. (The result of lye reacting with fat is a kind of soap, sodium stearate, the same soap that was commonly made at home and also manufactured commercially in the 18th and 19th centuries.)