Noun

A noun (from Latin nōmen, literally meaning "name") is a word that functions as the name of some specific thing or set of things, such as living creatures, objects, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.Linguistically, a noun is a member of a large, open part of speech whose members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition.

Lexical categories (parts of speech) are defined in terms of the ways in which their members combine with other kinds of expressions. The syntactic rules for nouns differ from language to language. In English, nouns are those words which can occur with articles and attributive adjectives and can function as the head of a noun phrase.

History

Word classes (parts of speech) were described by Sanskrit grammarians from at least the 5th century BC. In Yāska's Nirukta, the noun (nāma) is one of the four main categories of words defined.

The Ancient Greek equivalent was ónoma (ὄνομα), referred to by Plato in the Cratylus dialog, and later listed as one of the eight parts of speech in The Art of Grammar, attributed to Dionysius Thrax (2nd century BC). The term used in Latin grammar was nōmen. All of these terms for "noun" were also words meaning "name". The English word noun is derived from the Latin term, through the Anglo-Norman noun.

Dirty (film)

Dirty is a 2005 American crime drama film directed by Chris Fisher. The film stars Cuba Gooding, Jr. and Clifton Collins, Jr. The film was released in the United States on November 9, 2005.

Plot

Officer Armando Sancho (Clifton Collins, Jr.), a former Mal Creado ("badly created") gang member who is forced to choose between his conscience and his loyalty. Recruited into an undercover, anti-gang unit of the LAPD, Sancho brings his street smarts onto the force that he has sworn to protect. With his partner Salim Adel (Cuba Gooding, Jr.), the two patrol LA's streets the only way they know how—with force.

Cast

Aborym

Aborym are an Italian industrial black metal band from Taranto, Apulia, formed in 1993. The band have described their music as "alien-black-hard/industrial", whilst Allmusic described them as playing "a truly original brand of futuristic black metal [with] jagged samples, electronic drums, and industrial overtones, mak[ing] Aborym's peculiar sound very hard to pin down or define". The name of the band derives from Haborym Sadek Aym, overseer of the twenty-six legions of Hell in a seventeenth-century grimoire.

History

Early years and Kali Yuga Bizarre (1993-1999)

Aborym were originally formed in 1991 or 1992 by bass player and vocalist Malfeitor Fabban, who also played bass for Funeral Oration and keyboards for M.E.M.O.R.Y. Lab. At the beginning the three piece line-up performed covers of bands like Sodom,Celtic Frost,Mayhem,Sepultura,Sarcófago,Morbid,Rotting Christ and Darkthrone. Along with Alex Noia (guitars) and Mental Siege (drums), Fabban recorded the first Aborym demo, the five-track Worshipping Damned Souls, in 1993. The band split up shortly afterwards and were reformed by Fabban in Rome in 1997. With the new members Yorga SM and Sethlans, the second demo (Antichristian Nuclear Sabbath) was recorded that same year. The band struck a deal with the Italian Scarlet Records for two albums.

Obeah

Obeah (sometimes spelled Obi, Obea, or Obia), is a term used in the West Indies to refer to folk magic, sorcery, and religious practices developed among West African slaves, specifically of Igbo origin. Obeah is similar to other Afro-American religions including Palo, Vodou, Santería, and Hoodoo. Obeah is practiced in Suriname, Cuba, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Dominica, Guyana, Grenada, Belize, The Bahamas, and other Caribbean nations.

Obeah is associated with both benign and malignant magic, charms, luck, and with mysticism in general. In some Caribbean nations, Obeah refers to folk religions of the African diaspora. In some cases, aspects of these folk religions have survived through syncretism with Christian symbolism and practice introduced by European colonials and slave owners. Casual observation may conclude that Christian symbolism is incorporated into Obeah worship, but in fact may represent clandestine worship and religious protest.

During slavery, Obeah was directed against the European slave masters. However, with the end of slavery, Obeah became considered taboo, and the term has pejorative associations.

Obeah (horse)

Obeah (1965–1993) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse for whom the Obeah Stakes at Delaware Park Racetrack is named. Bred in Kentucky by Bertram N. Linder, she was sired by 1961 Futurity Stakes winner, Cyane. Her dam was Book of Verse, a daughter of 1952 American Horse of the Year, One Count. Obeah was bought for just $10,000 at the 1966 Saratoga yearling auction by Harry and Jane Lunger who owned her sire and who felt the filly was being bid too low.

Trained by future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee, Henry Clark, Obeah raced under the colors of the Lungers' Christiana Stables. Racing at age two in 1967, Obeah won the Blue Hen Stakes at her Delaware Park Racetrack home base. Going around two turns, she ran 3rd in the Frizette Stakes at Belmont Park and second by a nose in the Jeanne d'Arc at Narragansett Park.

At age three, her best result in a major race was a second in the Firenze Handicap. But at age four she won the 1969 Delaware Handicap in early August and then captured October's Vineland Handicap at Garden State Park.

Obeah and Wanga

The terms Obeah and Wanga are African diasporic words that occur in The Book of the Law (the sacred text of Thelema, written by English author and occultist Aleister Crowley in 1904):

Obeah is a folk religion and folk magic found among those of African descent in the West Indies. It is derived from West African Igbo sources and has a close North American parallel in African American conjure or hoodoo.

A wanga (sometimes spelled oanga or wanger) is a magical charm packet found in the folk magic practices of Haiti, and as such it is connected to the West African religion of Vodun, which in turn derives from the Fon people of what is now Benin.

In his Commentaries, Crowley explains:

It is possible that Crowley was not referring to literal Jamaica Obeah practices or to actual wanga.

He goes on to say:

See also

References