1,1-Dichloroethene

1,1-Dichloroethene, commonly called 1,1-dichloroethylene or 1,1-DCE, is an organochloride with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2. It is a colorless liquid with a sharp odor. Like most chlorocarbons, it is poorly soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents. 1,1-DCE was the precursor to the original cling-wrap for food, but this application has been phased out.

Production

1,1-DCE is produced by dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2-trichloroethane, a relatively unwanted byproduct in the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,2-dichloroethane. The conversion involves a base-catalyzed reaction:

The gas phase reaction, without the base, would be more desirable but is less selective.

Applications

1,1-DCE is mainly used as a comonomer in the polymerization of vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, and acrylates. It is also used in semiconductor device fabrication for growing high purity silicon dioxide (SiO2) films.

Polyvinylidene chloride

As with many other alkenes, 1,1-DCE can be polymerised to form polyvinylidene chloride. A very widely used product, cling wrap, or Saran was made from this polymer. During the 1990s research suggested that, in common with many chlorinated carbon compounds, Saran posed a possible danger to health by leaching, especially on exposure to food in microwave ovens. Since 2004, therefore cling wrap's formulation has changed to a form of polyethylene.

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1,2-Dichloroethene

1,2-Dichloroethene, commonly called 1,2-dichloroethylene or 1,2-DCE, is an organochloride with the molecular formula C2H2Cl2. It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with a sharp, harsh odor. It can exist as either of two geometric isomers, cis-1,2-dichloroethene or trans-1,2-dichloroethene, but is often used as a mixture of the two. They have modest solubility in water. These compounds have "scarcely any industrial applications," although they are fundamental given their simple stoichiometries.

Production

cis-DCE is obtainable by the controlled chlorination of acetylene:

Industrially both isomers arise as byproduct of the production of vinyl chloride, which is produced on a vast scale. Unlike vinyl chloride, the 1,2-dichloroethylene isomers do not polymerize.

These compounds are in a variety of applications including electronics cleaning, precision cleaning, and certain metal cleaning applications sold under the trade name VersaTrans.

Safety

These compounds have "moderate oral toxicity to rats."

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DCE

DCE may refer to:

  • Daly Cherry-Evans
  • Delhi College of Engineering, University of Delhi, India
  • Dalian Commodity Exchange
  • Deus caritas est, Latin for "God is love"
  • Director of Christian Education
  • Drum Corps Europe
  • Digital currency exchanger
  • Data circuit-terminating equipment, also called data communication(s) equipment or data carrier equipment
  • Cisco's DCE product portfolio
  • Data Center Ethernet
  • Distributed Computing Environment, a specification from The Open Group
  • Dead code elimination, a kind of compiler optimization
  • Digital Consumer Enablement, a misnomer for Digital Rights Management
  • Dichloroethane, an organic solvent
  • Dichloroethene, also called dichloroethylene, an organic solvent
  • Domestic credit expansion


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    7 Days, 7 Weeks

    by: Deus

    Sister love, why don't you break it up?
    You got to let someone look into your heart
    Sister love, how do you keep it up?
    If you don't let no-one look into your heart
    As a kid, you couldn't live it up
    You were so serious but always so smart
    As a kid, you couldn't keep it up
    And we were never close, so much apart
    Here comes the sun smiling
    How long have you been blue?
    There'd ever be a time for us to recapture
    All the time we lose
    There was a time when you were being so proud
    Could have been anythin' that you aspired
    There was a time when you were never around
    When somethin' good happened, somethin' good happened right
    So sister love, I'll help you off the ground
    You got to let someone look into your heart
    You got to turn this situation around
    You got to turn this, turn it around
    Here comes the sun smiling
    How long have you been blue?
    There'd ever be a time for us to recapture
    All the time we lose
    'Cause it's plain to see
    A storm is not the weather
    And I'm telling you girl
    You'll look at them and smile
    I'm telling you girl
    You'll look at them and smile
    7 days you should be givin' yourself
    All your belongings, all that you treasure
    7 weeks you think of nobody else
    Is this what you want, is this what you are?
    How did it come this far?
    Here comes the sun smilin'
    The only thing that's true
    There'd ever be a time for us to recapture
    All the time we lose
    'Cause it's plain to see
    A storm is not the weather
    And I'm telling you girl
    You'll look at them and smile
    And I'm telling you girl
    You'll look at them and smile
    And I'm telling you girl
    You'll look at them and smile
    And I'm telling you girl




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