DPH

DPH may refer to:

DPH1

Diphthamide biosynthesis protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DPH1 gene. It encodes a protein that performs posttranslational modification of histidine-715 on eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 to diphthamide. This modification appears to be important in the translation of Cyclin D in ovarian cells. DPH1 is mutated in 90% of ovarian cancers end stage, usually by loss of heterozygosity.

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Further reading

DPH5

Diphthine synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DPH5 gene.

This gene encodes a component of the diphthamide synthesis pathway. Diphthamide is a post-translationally modified histidine residue found only on translation elongation factor 2. It is conserved from archaebacteria to humans, and is targeted by diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A to halt cellular protein synthesis. The yeast and Chinese hamster homologs of this protein catalyze the trimethylation of the histidine residue on elongation factor 2, resulting in a diphthine moiety that is subsequently amidated to yield diphthamide. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

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Further reading