Dystrophin

Dystrophin is a rod-shaped cytoplasmic protein, and a vital part of a protein complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix through the cell membrane. This complex is variously known as the costamere or the dystrophin-associated protein complex. Many muscle proteins, such as α-dystrobrevin, syncoilin, synemin, sarcoglycan, dystroglycan, and sarcospan, colocalize with dystrophin at the costamere.

The dystrophin gene is one of the longest human genes known, covering 2.5 megabases (0.08% of the human genome) at locus Xp21. The primary transcript measures about 2,400 kilobases and takes 16 hours to transcribe; the mature mRNA measures 14.0 kilobases. The 79 exons code for a protein of over 3500 amino acid residues.

Function

Dystrophin is a protein located between the sarcolemma and the outermost layer of myofilaments in the muscle fiber (myofiber). It is a cohesive protein, linking actin filaments to another support protein that resides on the inside surface of each muscle fiber’s plasma membrane (sarcolemma). This support protein on the inside surface of the sarcolemma in turn links to two other consecutive proteins for a total of three linking proteins. The final linking protein is attached to the fibrous endomysium of the entire muscle fiber. Dystrophin supports muscle fiber strength, and the absence of dystrophin reduces muscle stiffness, increases sarcolemmal deformability, and compromises the mechanical stability of costameres and their connections to nearby myofibrils; as shown in recent studies where biomechanical properties of the sarcolemma and its links through costameres to the contractile apparatus were measured, and helps to prevent muscle fiber injury. Movement of thin filaments (actin) creates a pulling force on the extracellular connective tissue that eventually becomes the tendon of the muscle.

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Dystrophin

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[A.G.]
Yeah, yeah (you Must be Strong), gotta be strong nigga,
only the strong will survive,
I got fourteen in, niggas think i'm playing, yo Tommy Tee what's popping,
Yo mommy, yo Dave, paris in the house, D.I.T. signal.
You know what i mean, yeah yo AD where you at (RI)
Will will the ave low row nine fifty (Yes in Norway)
[Verse 1: A.G.]
The first six months of my life i was hooked to a respirator,
Probably gods way of giving me extra flavor,
2 years later I'm blowing out K, and they said it wouldn't happen
so we got it on tape,
That night cousin came throught the fire escape,
stole some money even ate the swan on the plate,
He was stressin, i seen the lines in his face,
Next time i seen him was online at his weight.
At six the youngest nigga trying to get laid,
Sixteen the youngest nigga trying to get paid,
At ten years old is when i first got played,
Little cutie from the project she even wore fade,
At fourteen I had pussy on my mind,
Couldn't concentrate dick hard all the time,
At seventeen that's when the shit got real,
I got a taste of jail and the tast is stale i'm thinking.
[Chorus: The Loudmouf Choir & A.G.]
You Must Be Strong, (No doubt niggas)
You Must Be Strong, (I came a long motherfucking way dawg)
You Must Be Strong, (And i got a long motherfucking way to go)
You Must Be Strong, (You feeling me)
[Verse 2: A.G.]
At nineteen back to jail grant death order,
Bullshit charge but i ain't coming to court though,
And as faith would have it hooked up with Lord Finesse the same year and
recorded a classic (A ghetto bastard)
My pops was never there so they laughed at my gear, And this was every
year.
New clothes was old clothes shit was golly,
Shoot souls, had hoes, socks was bloody,
And the bitches that i liked, they didn't like me,
And now it can't be the shoes then again it might be,
What they didn't now, there's not another like me,
But all had changed once I sold a diamond,
They killed L, they killed O, they killed Hans,
They killed Shaka, they killed Pop, they killed Papa,
Shook ones, look son they took pun,
I won't stop you understand when a hook come.
[Chorus/Outro: The Loudmouf Choir & A.G.]
You Must Be Strong, (This is that shit here, this is that pain)
You Must Be Strong, (Pain mage great music they told me)
You Must Be Strong, (R.I.P to all my niggas)
You (Jam Master Jay) Must Be Strong, (All my niggas alive dawg i feel ya)
You (trigga tone) Must Be Strong (For real nigga my man A rivera)
You Must Be Strong (Yo L if it wasn't for you i probably would've stopped
already dawg)
(Andre The Giant) You Must Be Strong (I forgot about him huh)
(Alright) You Must Be Strong, (It's time to wake your fucking ass up dawg,

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