| Constellation | |
 List of stars in Cygnus |
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| Abbreviation | Cyg |
|---|---|
| Genitive | Cygni |
| Pronunciation | /ˈsɪɡnəs/, genitive /ˈsɪɡnaɪ/ |
| Symbolism | the Swan or The Northern Cross |
| Right ascension | 20.62 h |
| Declination | +42.03° |
| Quadrant | NQ4 |
| Area | 804 sq. deg. (16th) |
| Main stars | 9 |
| Bayer/Flamsteed stars |
84 |
| Stars with planets | 36 |
| Stars brighter than 3.00m | 4 |
| Stars within 10.00 pc (32.62 ly) | 1 |
| Brightest star | Deneb (α Cyg) (1.25m) |
| Nearest star | 61 Cyg (11.36 ly, 3.48 pc) |
| Messier objects | 2 |
| Meteor showers | October Cygnids Kappa Cygnids |
| Bordering constellations |
Cepheus Draco Lyra Vulpecula Pegasus Lacerta |
| Visible at latitudes between +90° and −40°. Best visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of September. |
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Cygnus (
/ˈsɪɡnəs/) is a northern constellation lying on the plane of the Milky Way. Its name is the Latinized Hellenic (Greek) word for swan. One of the most recognizable constellations of the northern summer and autumn, it features a prominent asterism known as the Northern Cross (in contrast to the Southern Cross). Cygnus was among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations.
Contents |
Notable features [link]
Stars [link]
Albireo (β Cygni, designated by the Greek letter β in the diagram), a double star with blue and yellow components is at the swan's "head". Deneb (α Cygni), its brightest star, is at the tail and is one of the stars forming the summer triangle asterism.
Deep-sky objects [link]
Several star clusters and nebulae are found in Cygnus due to its position on the Milky Way. The North America Nebula (NGC 7000) is found a bit to the east of Deneb. Its resemblance to the continent is best appreciated in photographs. The Pelican Nebula (IC 5070) is nearby.
To the south of Epsilon Cygni is the Veil Nebula (NGC 6960, 6962, 6979, 6992, and 6995) which is a 5,000-year-old supernova remnant covering approximately 3 degrees of the sky. Because of its appearance, it is also called the Cygnus Loop.[1]
Also of note is the Crescent Nebula (NGC 6888), located between Gamma and Eta Cygni, which was formed by the Wolf-Rayet star HD 192163.
More supernovae have been seen in the Fireworks Galaxy (NGC 6946) than in any other galaxy.
The constellation also contains the X-ray source Cygnus X-1, which is now thought to be caused by a black hole accreting matter in a binary star system. The system is located close to the star Eta Cygni on star charts.
Cygnus A is the first radio galaxy discovered; at a distance of 730 million light-years from Earth, it is the closest powerful radio galaxy. In the visible spectrum, it appears as an elliptical galaxy in a small cluster. It is classified as an active galaxy because the supermassive black hole at its nucleus is accreting matter, which produces two jets of matter from the poles. The jets' interaction with the interstellar medium creates radio lobes, one source of radio emissions.[1]
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This Hubble Space Telescope picture captures a brief but beautiful phase late in the life of a star in the constellation of Cygnus.
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A bubbling cauldron of star birth is highlighted in this image from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.
Extrasolar planets [link]
Several extrasolar planets including HAT-P-7b, HAT-P-11b, HD 185269 b, HD 187123 b and c, Gliese 777 b and c, and 16 Cygni Bb, have been discovered in Cygnus, but the most notable is Kepler 22b, which is believed to be the first "Earth-twin" planet ever discovered, with an estimated average surface temperature of 73 degrees Fahrenheit. In January 2010 the Kepler Mission announced the discovery of the additional planets Kepler-5b and Kepler-6b, which are expected to be the first of many discovered by the mission, which has a significant part of its field of view in Cygnus.
History and mythology [link]
In Greek mythology, Cygnus has been identified with several different legendary swans. Zeus disguised himself as a swan to seduce Leda, who gave birth to the Gemini, Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra; Orpheus was transformed into a swan after his murder, and was said to have been placed in the sky next to his lyre (Lyra); and the King Cycnus was transformed into a swan.
In Ovid's Metamorphoses, there are three people named Cygnus, all of whom are transformed into swans. Alongside Cycnus, noted above, he mentions a boy from Tempe who commits suicide when Phyllius refuses to give him a tamed bull that he demands, but is transformed into a swan and flies away. He also mentions a son of Neptune who is an invulnerable warrior in the Trojan War who is eventually defeated by Achilles, but Neptune saves him by transforming him into a swan.
Cygnus, together with other avian constellations near the summer solstice, Vultur cadens and Aquila, may be a significant part of the origin of the myth of the Stymphalian Birds, one of The Twelve Labours of Hercules.[2]
Equivalents [link]
Musical references [link]
Biosphere's song Cygnus-A, The Mars Volta's song Cygnus....Vismund Cygnus, the Cygnus X-1 duology by Rush, and throughout The Lonely Forest's concept album Nuclear Winter, all include references to Cygnus.
Namesakes [link]
- USS Cygnus (AF-23), a former cargo ship of the United States Navy, is named after the constellation.
See also [link]
- Cygnus Loop
- John Birmingham (astronomer)
- Cygnus Bubble
- Cygnus (Chinese astronomy)
- Kronberger 61
- Orion can be confused with Cygnus by novice observers.
Notes [link]
- ^ a b Wilkins, Jamie; Dunn, Robert (2006). 300 Astronomical Objects: A Visual Reference to the Universe. Buffalo, New York: Firefly Books. ISBN 978-1-55407-175-3.
- ^ Allen (1963) p. 56.
References [link]
- Allen, R. H., (1963). Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.). New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc.. ISBN 0-486-21079-0.
- Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion (2007). Stars and Planets Guide, Collins, London. ISBN 978-0-00-725120-9. Princeton University Press, Princeton. ISBN 978-0-691-13556-4.
External links [link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: |
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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Cygnus. |
- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Cygnus
- Northern Cygnus Mosaic Pan and Zoom In on deep sky objects in Cygnus.
- The clickable Cygnus
- Star Tales – Cygnus
- Cygnus Constellation
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https://wn.com/Cygnus_(constellation)
Swan
Swans are birds of the family Anatidae within the genus Cygnus. The swans' close relatives include the geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae where they form the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae. There are six or seven species of swan in the genus Cygnus; in addition there is another species known as the coscoroba swan, although this species is no longer considered one of the true swans. Swans usually mate for life, though "divorce" does sometimes occur, particularly following nesting failure, and if a mate dies, the remaining swan will take up with another. The number of eggs in each clutch ranges from three to eight.
Etymology and terminology
The English word 'swan', akin to the German Schwan, Dutch zwaan and Swedish svan, is derived from Indo-European root *swen (to sound, to sing). Young swans are known as swanlings or as cygnets, from Greek κύκνος, kýknos and from the Latin word cygnus ("swan") and the Old French suffix -et ("little"). An adult male is a cob, from Middle English cobbe (leader of a group); an adult female is a pen.
Cygnus (Chinese astronomy)
According to traditional Chinese uranography, the modern constellation Cygnus is located within the northern quadrant of the sky, which is symbolized as the The Black Tortoise of the North (北方玄武, Běi Fāng Xuán Wǔ).
The name of the western constellation in modern Chinese is 天鵝座 (tiān é zuò), meaning "the swan constellation".
Stars
The map of Chinese constellation in constellation Cygnus area consists of :
See also
References
External links
Crying
Crying is the shedding of tears in response to an emotional state. The act of crying has been defined as "a complex secretomotor phenomenon characterized by the shedding of tears from the lacrimal apparatus, without any irritation of the ocular structures". A related medical term is lacrimation, which also refers to non-emotional shedding of tears. Crying is also known as weeping, wailing, whimpering, and bawling.
For crying to be described as sobbing, it usually has to be accompanied by a set of other symptoms, such as slow but erratic inhalation, occasional instances of breath holding and muscular tremor.
A neuronal connection between the lacrimal gland (tear duct) and the areas of the human brain involved with emotion has been established. There is debate among scientists over whether or not humans are the only animals that produce tears in response to emotional states.Charles Darwin wrote in The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals that the keepers of Indian elephants in the London Zoo told him that their charges shed tears in sorrow.
Cry (LL Cool J song)
"Cry" is a single by LL Cool J from his twelfth studio album, Exit 13 (2008). The song features guest vocals by R&B singer Lil' Mo and production by Andreas "Raw Uncut" Dombrowski. The song is noted for its sampling of Bunny Sigler's "Half a Man," and Ja Rule's "I Cry," which also happens to feature Lil' Mo. It was digitally released as an individual buzz single in June 17, 2008, and saw a limited international release as a B-side to the accompanying 12" single, "5 Boroughs," in June 24, 2008; alongside a US release in July 8, 2008.
Chart performance
References
External links
Cry (Lynn Anderson album)
Cry is a studio album by country music legend Lynn Anderson, released in 1972.
This album was based on Lynn Anderson's hit from early 1972, "Cry", which hit No. 3 on the Billboard Country charts, and No. 1 on the Cashbox Country charts. In addition the song also reached No. 71 on the Pop charts, and No. 16 on the Adult Contemporary charts that year. This album shows Anderson's new direction into placing her voice into more Pop-oriented songs, including "Cry" (originally a No. 1 Pop hit for Johnnie Ray in 1951). After having a No. 1 Country and Pop hit in late 1970, "(I Never Promised You a) Rose Garden", her record company set her records out more for the Pop market, and never looked back. This helped Lynn Anderson gain the biggest success she ever had for a number of years. Thus, this left Anderson from recording the hard Country material she recorded for her late 60s albums under Chart Records.
Husband, Glenn Sutton helped produce this album with producing legend, Clive Davis. Most of the songs featured here are Pop songs, like the Addrisi Brothers' "We've Got to Get It on Again" and Sonny & Cher's "When You Say Love". With the help of legendary Country producer, Billy Sherrill, Sutton wrote some of the songs for this album, some of which had been previously hits for Country singers, like Barbara Mandrell's "Tonight My Baby's Coming Home". This album was big-selling album, reaching No. 2 on the "Top Country Albums" chart and No. 114 on the "Billboard 200" albums chart.
Podcasts:
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by John Mellencamp
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by John Cougar Mellencamp
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by Battiato Franco
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by Miguel Bosé
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by Daddy Yankee
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by Cocorosie
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by Ana Torroja
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by Iceberg
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by Ana Torroja y Miguel Bosé
Crazy Ones
by: John Mellencamp(John Mellencamp/Randy Handly)
She's got tights on her legs
She's got a floppy French hat
Voodoo in her eyes
An endangered species on her back
She talks about the movies
She likes to talk about art
She can show you a good time
But you'll never touch her heart
CHORUS
Mama why do I always fall for the crazy ones
Mama why do they lay so heavy on my heart
Well I'm drawn to the devil every time we kiss
Mama why do the crazy ones leave me feeling like this
She's got backstage access
And she's a dancin' in the aisles
She looks a little sad and crooked
When you see her smile
She's got the magic heart
She says you cannot understand
She's got a secret hurt
She ain't gonna share with no man
CHORUS
She's got her mind on her business
She never wants to be broke
Well, I hate to see her suffer
But she just does not get the joke
I can't afford her style of living
I can't afford to get so mad
Every time I think about her
It just makes me sad
CHORUS