Gender

Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and femininity. Depending on the context, these characteristics may include biological sex (i.e. the state of being male, female or intersex), sex-based social structures (including gender roles and other social roles), or gender identity.

Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between biological sex and gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word gender to refer to anything but grammatical categories. However, Money's meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when feminist theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the social construct of gender. Today, the distinction is strictly followed in some contexts, especially the social sciences and documents written by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, in many other contexts, including some areas of social sciences, gender includes sex or replaces it. Although this change in the meaning of gender can be traced to the 1980s, a small acceleration of the process in the scientific literature was observed in 1993 when the USA's Food and Drug Administration (FDA) started to use gender instead of sex. In 2011, the FDA reversed its position and began using sex as the biological classification and gender as "a person's self representation as male or female, or how that person is responded to by social institutions based on the individual's gender presentation." In non-human animal research, gender is also commonly used to refer to the physiology of the animals.

Cowgirl (disambiguation)

A cowgirl is the female equivalent of a cowboy.

Cowgirl may also refer to:

In entertainment:

In sports:

In other uses:

Cowgirl (song)

"Cowgirl" is a song recorded by Underworld, originally released as a single in 1994. The track is from the band's 1993 album dubnobasswithmyheadman.

In Underworld's live performances, "Cowgirl" is often played with "Rez", as they share key elements and samples. The typical arrangement is to open with "Rez" and transition to "Cowgirl", with the "Rez" melody usually brought back at the climax. The track is usually labelled "Rez / Cowgirl" in fan-distributed bootlegs. This combination also appears on the live album Everything, Everything. Slant Magazine ranked the song #27 in its 100 Greatest Dance Songs list, adding: "The jewel in the Orwellian dubnobasswithmyheadman’s crown was "Cowgirl"—everything, everything Underworld's thundering electronica has come to represent as a musical and political force."

A key lyrical element in the song is Karl Hyde's repeated chant "Everything, everything."

Track listing

CD: Intercord / INT 825.421 (Germany)

Woman on top

Woman on top, also called the cowgirl or riding position, is a group of sex positions in which the man lies on his back or sits, the woman straddles him facing either forward or back, and the man inserts his erect penis into the woman's vagina or anus.

The cowgirl name derives from the image of the receiving partner "riding" the partner as a cowboy rides a bucking horse. It is one of a number of receptive-partner-superior sexual positions, another being the reverse cowgirl position. It is fairly simple to achieve and maintain and pleasures both partners. This position is also used as a precursor to the lateral coital position described by Masters and Johnson.

This position is commonly cited as one of the more popular sex positions, especially by women. In this position, the woman is usually the active partner during the sexual activity.

Cowgirl position

Grapplers (comics)

The Grapplers are a fictional organization appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. It was a loosely organized band of female wrestlers, most of whom gained superhuman strength after their first published appearances, through the group known as Power Broker, Inc.

Publication history

The Grapplers first appeared in Marvel Two-in-One #54-56 (August–October 1979), and were created by Mark Gruenwald, Ralph Macchio, and John Byrne.

The team subsequently appears in Dazzler #13 (March 1982), Marvel Two-in-One #96 (February 1983), Thing #33 (March 1986), #35-36 (May–June 1986), Captain America #389-391 (August–September 1991), and Thunderbolts #21 (December 1998).

The Grapplers received an entry in the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition #5.

History

The original four Grapplers were drafted by the Roxxon Oil Company to invade Project: Pegasus, along with Thundra. They were given specially designed costumes to heighten their formidable prowess at physical combat. However, Quasar and Giant-Man defeated the quartet and gave them over to authorities.