Courier (typeface)

Courier is a monospaced slab serif typeface designed to resemble the output from a strike-on typewriter. The typeface was designed by Howard "Bud" Kettler in 1955, and it was later redrawn by Adrian Frutiger for the IBM Selectric Composer series of electric typewriters.

Although the design of the original Courier typeface was commissioned by IBM, the company deliberately chose not to secure legal exclusivity to the typeface and it soon became a standard font used throughout the typewriter industry. Because IBM deliberately chose not to seek any copyright, trademark, or design patent protection, the Courier typeface cannot be trademarked or copyrighted and is completely royalty free.

As a monospaced font, in the 1990s, it found renewed use in the electronic world in situations where columns of characters must be consistently aligned. It has also become an industry standard for all screenplays to be written in 12-point Courier or a close variant. 12-point Courier New was also the U.S. State Department's standard typeface until January 2004, when it was replaced with 14-point Times New Roman. Reasons for the change included the desire for a more "modern" and "legible" font.

Typeface

In typography, a typeface (also known as font family) is a set of one or more fonts each composed of glyphs that share common design features. Each font of a typeface has a specific weight, style, condensation, width, slant, italicization, ornamentation, and designer or foundry (and formerly size, in metal fonts). For example, "ITC Garamond Bold Condensed Italic" means the bold, condensed-width, italic version of ITC Garamond. It is a different font from "ITC Garamond Condensed Italic" and "ITC Garamond Bold Condensed," but all are fonts within the same typeface, "ITC Garamond." ITC Garamond is a different typeface from "Adobe Garamond" or "Monotype Garamond." (These are all alternative updates or digitisations of the typeface Garamond, originally created in the 16th century.) There are thousands of different typefaces in existence, with new ones being developed constantly.

The art and craft of designing typefaces is called type design. Designers of typefaces are called type designers and are often employed by type foundries. In digital typography, type designers are sometimes also called font developers or font designers.

List of Spider-Man enemies

Spider-Man is a fictional superhero in the Marvel Universe debuting in the anthology comic book series issue Amazing Fantasy #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comics published by Marvel Comics. After his debut he would get his own comic book entitled The Amazing Spider-Man. The comic book series would introduce many of what would become his major supervillain adversaries. Spider-Man would then be popular enough for more Spider-Man comic spinoffs (The Spectacular Spider-Man, Marvel Team-Up, Web of Spider-Man, Peter Parker: Spider-Man etc.) which potentially introduced more recurring antagonists of the web-slinger.

As with Spider-Man, the theme behind the villains' powers originate with scientific accidents or the misuse of scientific technology and also tend to have animal-themed costumes or powers (Vulture, Doctor Octopus, Lizard, Rhino, Scorpion, Jackal and Black Cat). There also consists supervillains with the powers of the elements (Sandman, Electro, Molten Man and Hydro-Man), some that are horror-themed (the Goblins, Morbius, the Symbiotes and Morlun) and some that are crime lords (Kingpin, Hammerhead and Silvermane). His rogue also consisted of some that are masters of trickery and deception such as the Chameleon and Mysterio. These villains oftentimes form teams such as the Sinister Six and the Sinister Syndicate to oppose the superhero.

Typeface (film)

Typeface is an independent documentary film, produced by Kartemquin Films, about visual culture, technology and graphic design, centered on the Hamilton Wood Type and Printing Museum in Two Rivers, Wisconsin. Typeface the film focuses on a rural Midwestern museum and print shop where international artists meet retired craftsmen and together navigate the convergence of modern design and traditional technique. Directed by Justine Nagan, it was released in 2009 after two sold-out sneak previews at the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis, MN.

Its international premiere was at the Breda International Film Festival in The Netherlands. Since that time, the film has toured around the world for screenings in select theatres, museums, universities and film festivals, including the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts in San Francisco, The Alamo Drafthouse Cinema in Austin, a sold-out week run at the Gene Siskel Film Center in Chicago, and the Denver Art Museum in Denver. Musician Josh Ritter provided the film’s soundtrack. Typeface won “Best Documentary” at the Flyway Film Festival in October 2009. The film was a 2010 Regional Emmy (Chicago/Midwest Chapter of the Academy of Arts and Sciences) nominee for Best Documentary.

Courier

A courier is a person who delivers messages, packages, and mail.

Duties and functions

Couriers are distinguished from ordinary mail services by features such as speed, security, tracking, signature, specialization and individualization of express services, and swift delivery times, which are optional for most everyday mail services. As a premium service, couriers are usually more expensive than standard mail services, and their use is normally limited to packages where one or more of these features are considered important enough to warrant the cost.

Courier services operate on all scales, from within specific towns or cities, to regional, national and global services. Large courier companies include DHL, OCS, FedEx, DTDC, EMS International, TNT, UPS, and Aramex. These offer services worldwide, typically via a hub and spoke model.

Before the industrial era

In ancient history, runners and homing pigeons and riders on horseback were used to deliver timely messages. Before there were mechanized courier services, foot messengers physically ran miles to their destinations. To this day, there are marathons directly related to actual historical messenger routes. In the Middle Ages, royal courts maintained their own messengers who were paid little more than common labourers.

Lincoln Courier

The Lincoln Courier is the only local daily newspaper for Lincoln, Illinois, and its surrounding circulation area, which centers on Logan County. The newspaper is owned by Fairport, New York-based GateHouse Media.

Founded as the Lincoln Daily Courier in 1889, the newspaper through the years absorbed several other dailies based in Lincoln, such as the Daily Star (founded c. 1911 as The Lincoln Morning Star) and The Daily News-Herald, which itself dated back to The Daily News (October 20, 1890 (1890-10-20)} and The Lincoln Weekly Herald (c. 1855).

References

Courier (comics)

Courier is the alias of Jacob Gavin Jr., a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is a sometime ally of the X-Men member known as Gambit. Created by writer Fabian Nicieza and artist Joe Madureira, he first appeared Deadpool: The Circle Chase (1993).

Fictional character biography

Courier was a foot soldier and employee of the New Son, to whom Gambit was indebted after New Son saved him from perishing in the Antarctic where the X-Men left him after his 'trial' exposed Gambit's connection to Mister Sinister, the Marauders, and the Mutant Massacre. Courier would deliver assignments to Gambit on the behalf of New Son, who had not yet deemed the mutant thief worthy of a face-to-face encounter.

It has been stated, by Wolverine and other sources, that Courier is part of a business that has performed such tasks for many years, and that Courier's father is an important business figure in the Marvel Universe, having bought stock in AT&T when he was only ten years old. He has the mutant ability to control every cell in his body.