Communist Party of Moldova

The Communist Party of Moldova (Romanian: Partidul Comunist al Moldovei, PCM; Moldovan Cyrillic: Партидул Комунист ал Молдовей; Russian: Коммунистическая партия Молдавии) was one of the fourteen republic-level parties that formed the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Indeed, the PCM was the republic-level chapter of the CPSU in the Moldavian SSR from 1940 to 1991. During that time, except for the period of Axis occupation in 1941-1944, it was the sole legal political party in the republic. It was outlawed by the government in August 1991, just after Moldova declared independence.

Perestroika period, that had seen the party increasingly pummeled, was also marked by November riots. The party leader Semion Grossu was remplaced with Petru Lucinschi on November 16, 1989.

After the Communist party was legalised again by the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova (PCRM) on 7 September 1993, the PCM was reborn as the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova, which became the largest party in Moldova since the 2001 elections, and the ruling party from 2001-2009. Another communist party was founded in 2012, the Communist Party of Moldova (2012), which claims the PCRM isn't communist but social democratic.

Communist Party of China

The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The CPC is the sole governing party of China, although it coexists alongside eight other legal parties that comprise the United Front. It was founded in 1921, chiefly by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao. The party grew quickly, and by 1949 the CPC had driven the Kuomintang (KMT) government from mainland China after a 10-year civil war, thus leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The CPC is currently the world's second largest political party with a membership of 87.79 million as of 2015.

The CPC is, officially, organized on the basis of democratic centralism, a principle conceived by Russian Marxist theoretician Vladimir Lenin which entails democratic and open discussion on policy on the condition of unity in upholding the agreed upon policies. The highest body of the CPC is the National Congress, convened every fifth year. When the National Congress is not in session, the Central Committee is the highest body, but since the body meets normally only once a year, most duties and responsibilities are vested in the Politburo and its Standing Committee. The party's leader holds the offices of General Secretary (responsible for civilian party duties), Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) (responsible for military affairs) and state president (a largely ceremonial position). Through these posts the party leader is the country's paramount leader. The current party leader is Xi Jinping, elected at the 18th National Congress (held in 2012).

Communist Party (disambiguation)

Communist Party is a label adopted by several political parties. Communist Party may refer to:

All-Union

Bolsheviks

Central, Centre

India

Communist Party of Iceland

The Communist Party of Iceland (Icelandic: Kommúnistaflokkur Íslands) was a political party in Iceland from 1930 to 1938.

History

In the early 1920s a group of young militants of the Social Democratic Party (Alþýðuflokkur) came into contact with the international communist movement. Their ideology and that of their party leader, was quickly growing apart. The communists formed a radical section within the party which they called the Association of Young Communists (Félag ungra kommúnista) in November 1922. The group evolved into the Sparta Social Democratic Association (Jafnaðarmannafélagið Sparta) in 1926 but eventually they left the social democrats to form their own party as suggested by Comintern in 1928. The Communist Party of Iceland (KFI) was formed in November 1930 and became a member of Comintern. KFI published Verkalýðsblaðið.

In 1938 another splinter group, which had left the social democrats the year before, unified itself with the communists forming the Popular Unity Party - Socialist Party (Sameiningarflokkur alþýðu - Sósíalistaflokkurinn). The new party did not continue the Comintern membership. However, the communists were dominant in the party and it was mostly the same as its predecessor. In 1956 the Socialist Party formed the People's Alliance as an electoral alliance with yet another splinter group from the Social Democratic Party. The People's Alliance became a political party in 1968.

Moldovan wine

With a production of 124,200 tons of wine (as of 2009), Moldova has a well-established wine industry. It has a vineyard area of 148,500 hectares (367,000 acres) of which 107,800 hectares (266,000 acres) are used for commercial production. The remaining 40,700 hectares (101,000 acres) are vineyards planted in villages around the houses used to make home-made wine, or "vin de casa". Many families have their own recipes and strands of grapes that have been passed down through the generations.

In 2009, Moldova was the twenty-second largest wine producing country in the world. Most of the country's commercial wine production is for export.

67 Million bottles of wine are exported annually, places such as Poland, Russia and USA.

Moldova's climate is perfect for wine making, producing outstanding grapes. Wines of Moldova are believed to be underrated and are loved by people across the globe. Reports were made of the Queen of England ordering Moldovan wine in 2011.

History

Fossils of Vitis teutonica vine leaves near the Naslavcia village in the north of Moldova indicate that grapes grew here approximately 6 to 25 million years ago. The size of grape seed imprints found near the Varvarovca village, which date back to 2800 BC, prove that at that time the grapes were already being cultivated. The grapegrowing and wine-making in the area between the Nistru and Prut rivers, which began 4000–5000 years ago, had periods of rises and falls but has survived through all the changing social and economic conditions.

Moldova, Estonia

Moldova is a village in Lüganuse Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia.

Coordinates: 59°26′N 27°05′E / 59.433°N 27.083°E / 59.433; 27.083

Moldova (disambiguation)

Moldova or Moldavia also may refer to:

South-eastern European territorial units

Other places

Ships

Other

See also