Coenzyme M

Coenzyme M is a coenzyme required for methyl-transfer reactions in the metabolism of methanogens.[1][2] The coenzyme is an anion with the formula HSCH2CH2SO−
3. It is named 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate and abbreviated HS–CoM. The cation is unimportant, but the sodium salt is most available. Mercaptoethanesulfonate contains both a thiol, which is the main site of reactivity, and a sulfonate group, which confers solubility in aqueous media.

Biochemical role [link]

The coenzyme is the C1 carrier in methanogenesis. It is converted to methyl coenzyme M, the thioether CH3SCH2CH2SO−
3, in the penultimate step to methane formation.[3] Coenzyme M reacts with coenzyme B, 7-thioheptanoylthreoninephosphate, to give a heterodisulfide, releasing methane:

CH3–S–CoM + HS–CoB → CH4 + CoB–S–S–CoM

This conversion is catalyzed by the enzyme methyl coenzyme M reductase, which contains cofactor F430 as the prosthetic group.

References [link]

  1. ^ Balch WE, Wolfe RS (1979). "Specificity and biological distribution of coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid)". J. Bacteriol. 137 (1): 256–63. PMC 218444. PMID 104960. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=218444. 
  2. ^ Taylor CD, Wolfe RS (10 August 1974). "Structure and methylation of coenzyme M(HSCH2CH2SO3)". J. Biol. Chem. 249 (15): 4879–85. PMID 4367810. https://www.jbc.org/cgi/reprint/249/15/4879. 
  3. ^ Thauer RK (1998). "Biochemistry of Methanogenesis: a Tribute to Marjory Stephenson". Microbiology 144 (9): 2377–2406. DOI:10.1099/00221287-144-9-2377. PMID 9782487. https://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9782487. 
Active forms
TPP / ThDP (B1) · FMN, FAD (B2) · NAD+, NADH, NADP+, NADPH (B3) · Coenzyme A (B5) · PLP / P5P (B6) · Biotin (B7) · THFA / H4FA, DHFA / H2FA, MTHF (B9) · AdoCbl, MeCbl (B12) · Ascorbic Acid (C) · Phylloquinone (K1), Menaquinone (K2) · Coenzyme F420
Ca2+ · Cu2+ · Fe2+, Fe3+ · Mg2+ · Mn2+ · Mo · Ni2+ · Se · Zn2+
Base forms

M: NUT

cof, enz, met

drug(A8/11/12)


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