Maroon (people)
Maroons (from the Latin American Spanish word cimarrón: "feral animal, fugitive, runaway") were Africans who escaped from slavery in the Americas and formed independent settlements. The term can also be applied to their descendants.
History
In the New World, as early as 1512, enslaved Africans escaped from Spanish captors and either joined indigenous peoples or eked out a living on their own. Sir Francis Drake enlisted several cimarrones during his raids on the Spanish. As early as 1655, escaped Africans had formed their own communities in inland Jamaica, and by the 18th century, Nanny Town and other villages began to fight for independent recognition.
When runaway Blacks and Amerinindians banded together and subsisted independently they were called Maroons. On the Caribbean islands, they formed bands and on some islands, armed camps. Maroon communities faced great odds to survive from colonists, obtain food for subsistence living, and to reproduce and increase their numbers. As the planters took over more land for crops, the Maroons began to lose ground on the small islands. Only on some of the larger islands were organized Maroon communities able to thrive by growing crops and hunting. Here they grew in number as more Blacks escaped from plantations and joined their bands. Seeking to separate themselves from Whites, the Maroons gained in power and amid increasing hostilities, they raided and pillaged plantations and harassed planters until the planters began to fear a massive revolt of the enslaved Blacks.
Maroon (Muslimgauze album)
Maroon is a CD album by Muslimgauze. The first edition of 1000 copies was issued in a light brown digipak with a postcard insert, the first 500 copies of which were sealed with a Palestinian Authority stamp. The album was later re-issued in December 2002 with different artwork, in a digipak with a clear tray. The album was "[d]edicated to people forced into direct action due to vile regimes."
Credits
Track listing
Glossary of ballet
Because ballet became formalized in France, a significant part of ballet terminology is in the French language.
A
A la seconde (French pronunciation: [a la səɡɔ̃d]) A position of the leg to the side or a movement with the leg held to the side in second position, as in a pirouette à la seconde, in which a dancer turns with the working leg à la hauteur ('elevated') in second position
Also, one of the directions of the body, facing the audience (i.e. en face), arms in second position, with one leg extended to second position.
À la quatrième
(French pronunciation: [a la katʁijɛm]) One of the directions of body, facing the audience (en face), arms in second position, with one leg extended either to fourth position in front (quatrième devant) or fourth position behind (quatrième derrière).
À terre
(French pronunciation: [a tɛʁ]) Touching the floor.
Adagio
Italian, or French adage, meaning 'slowly, at ease.'
Syllable
A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds. For example, the word water is composed of two syllables: wa and ter. A syllable is typically made up of a syllable nucleus (most often a vowel) with optional initial and final margins (typically, consonants).
Syllables are often considered the phonological "building blocks" of words. They can influence the rhythm of a language, its prosody, its poetic meter and its stress patterns.
Syllabic writing began several hundred years before the first letters. The earliest recorded syllables are on tablets written around 2800 BC in the Sumerian city of Ur. This shift from pictograms to syllables has been called "the most important advance in the history of writing".
A word that consists of a single syllable (like English dog) is called a monosyllable (and is said to be monosyllabic). Similar terms include disyllable (and disyllabic) for a word of two syllables; trisyllable (and trisyllabic) for a word of three syllables; and polysyllable (and polysyllabic), which may refer either to a word of more than three syllables or to any word of more than one syllable.
CODA (magazine)
CODA was a Canadian magazine devoted to covering all things related to jazz. The magazine produced 6 publications a year on a bi-monthly basis. Founded in 1958 by publisher and record producer John Norris, the magazine contains reviews and articles about current jazz artists on the international scene, as well as articles on jazz recordings, jazz books, and other topics related to jazz. In 1976 Norris was succeeded by saxophonist Bill Smith.
External links
]
Podcasts:
