Close combat

Close combat means a violent physical confrontation between two or more opponents at short range.

Armed and unarmed confrontations

Among many types of fighting encompassed by the general term close combat include the modern terms hand-to-hand combat and close quarters combat (CQC). Close combat occurs when opposing military forces engage in restricted areas, an environment frequently encountered in urban warfare. Military small unit tactics traditionally regarded as forms of close combat include fighting with hand-held or hand-thrown weapons such as swords, knives, axes, or tools.

In modern times, (since World War II), the term "close combat" has also come to describe unarmed hand-to-hand combat, as well as combat involving firearms and other distance weapons when used at short range. William E. Fairbairn, who organized and led the famous Shanghai Riot Squad of the Shanghai Municipal Police, devised a system of close-combat fighting for both soldiers and civilians which bears his name, "the Fairbairn System", incorporating use of the handgun, knife, and the Defendu martial art fighting technique. Since that time, the term "close combat" has also been used to describe a short-range physical confrontation between antagonists not involved in a military conflict, for example in riots and other violent conflicts between law enforcement personnel and civilians.

Close combat (disambiguation)

Close combat means a violent physical confrontation between two or more opponents at short range.

Close combat may also refer to:

  • Hand-to-hand combat
  • Close Combat (series), a series of real-time tactical computer games
  • Close Combat (video game)
  • Close Combat: First to Fight, an FPS video game
  • Close Combat: A Bridge Too Far

    Close Combat: A Bridge Too Far, or Close Combat II, is a World War II real-time tactics game, developed by Atomic Games, and released on September 30, 1997. The second installment of the Close Combat series, the game is played on a two-dimensional map, between two players.

    Close Combat is based on Operation Market Garden; most units in the game are based on those used in 1944, with the exception of a few which are only available in custom games. The game may be played as either the Germans, or the Allies, the latter divided into the British, Americans, and Polish. The game received mainly positive reviews.

    Gameplay

    Combat takes place on a two-dimensional map with three-dimensional terrain elements. Depending on the map, terrain features can include a variety of features providing concealment and cover, such as hills, hedges, foxholes, trenches, streams and buildings. Units have limited fields of vision (particularly vehicles), suffer from fatigue, have limited ammunition, can be suppressed, will break and flee if their morale drops too low, and generally behave in a manner similar to real life (although there are options to make units always visible, always obey orders, and/or fearless).

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