Clock rate

The clock rate typically refers to the frequency at which a chip like a central processing unit (CPU), one core of a multi-core processor, is running and is used as an indicator of the processor's speed. It is measured in clock cycles per second or its equivalent, the SI unit hertz (Hz). The clock rate of the first generation of computers was measured in hertz or kilohertz (kHz), but in the 21st century the speed of modern CPUs is commonly advertised in GigaHertz (GHz). This metric is most useful when comparing processors within the same family, holding constant other features that may impact performance. Video card and CPU manufacturers commonly select their highest performing units from a manufacturing batch and set their maximum clock rate higher, fetching a higher price.

Determining factors

Binning

Manufacturers of modern processors typically charge premium prices for processors that operate at higher clock rates, a practice called binning. For a given CPU, the clock rates are determined at the end of the manufacturing process through actual testing of each processor. Chip manufacturers publish a "maximum clock rate" specification, and they test chips before selling them to make sure they meet that specification, even when executing the most complicated instructions with the data patterns that take the longest to settle (testing at the temperature and voltage that runs the lowest performance). Processors successfully tested for compliance with a given set of standards may be labeled with a higher clock rate, e.g., 1.50 GHz, while those that fail the standards of the higher clock rate yet pass the standards of a lesser clock rate may be labeled with the lesser clock rate, e.g., 1.3 GHz, and sold at a lower price.

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PLAYLIST TIME:

Eternal

by: Kayla King

People see what they want to see
And they make it worth to some degree
But that ain’t the case with you and me
We’ve got something that’s strong and wonderful
People look all over town
Long until the sun goes down
But it seems to me, that what we’ve found what they are searching for
(Chorus)
What we got
All we need is
Baby like a circle complete
Take me down that high road
Where love is sweet and
Life is about a perfect moment
We were meant to be eternal
People say nothing lasts
But rules were meant to break like glass
Even if the time went past
We would still be the same
(Chorus)
We were meant to be eternal
Way beyond the twelfth of never
That’s how long we’ll be together now




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