Sophie Treadwell
Sophie Treadwell (October 3, 1885 – February 20, 1970), was a noteworthy American playwright and journalist of the first half of the 20th century. She is best known for her play Machinal which is often included in drama anthologies as an example of a expressionist or modernist play. Treadwell wrote dozens of plays, several novels, as well as serial stories and countless articles that appeared in newspapers. In addition to writing plays for the theatre, Treadwell also produced, directed, and acted in some of her productions. The styles and subjects of Treadwell's writings are vast, but many present women's issues of her time, subjects of current media coverage, or aspects of Sophie's Mexican heritage.
Heritage and childhood
Sophie Anita Treadwell was born in 1885 in Stockton, California. Between 1890 and 1891, Sophie's father, Alfred Treadwell, deserted her and her mother and moved to San Francisco. Although Sophie originally excelled at school, after her father left she struggled, which others have attributed to the frequency with which she and her mother relocated. While Sophie primarily lived with her mother, occasionally Sophie would spend summers in San Francisco with her father. During these visits, Sophie was first exposed to theatre; she witnessed famous actresses Helena Modjeska and Sarah Bernhardt in The Merchant of Venice and Phèdre, respectively. In 1902, Sophie and her mother, Nettie Fairchild Treadwell moved to San Francisco.