Claw
A claw is a curved, pointed appendage, found at the end of a toe or finger in most amniotes (mammals, reptiles, birds). However, the word "claw" is also often used in reference to an invertebrate. Somewhat similar fine hooked structures are found in arthropods such as beetles and spiders, at the end of the leg or tarsus for gripping a surface as the creature walks. Crabs', lobsters' and scorpions' pincers, or more formally, their "chelae", are sometimes called claws.
A true claw, (as opposed to a chela) is made of hard protein called keratin. Claws are used to catch and hold prey in carnivorous mammals such as cats and dogs, but may also be used for such purposes as digging, climbing trees, self-defense, and grooming, in those and other species.
Similar appendages that are flat and do not come to a sharp point are called nails instead. Claw-like projections that do not form at the end of digits, but spring from other parts of the foot are properly named spurs.
Claws of animals like tigers, lions, and bears were used in making items such as ornaments, pendants, and brooches.
Claw-free permutation
In mathematical and computer science field of cryptography, a group of three numbers (x,y,z) is said to be a claw of two permutations f0 and f1 if
A pair of permutations f0 and f1 are said to be claw-free if there is no efficient algorithm for computing a claw.
The terminology claw free was introduced by Goldwasser, Micali, and Rivest in their 1984 paper, "A Paradoxical Solution to the Signature Problem" (and later in a more complete journal paper), where they showed that the existence of claw-free pairs of trapdoor permutations implies the existence of digital signature schemes secure against adaptive chosen-message attack. This construction was later superseded by the construction of digital signatures from any one-way trapdoor permutation. The existence of trapdoor permutations does not by itself imply claw-free permutations exist; however, it has been shown that claw-free permutations do exist if factoring is hard.
The general notion of claw-free permutation (not necessarily trapdoor) was further studied by Ivan Damgård in his PhD thesis The Application of Claw Free Functions in Cryptography (Aarhus University, 1988), where he showed how to construct Collision Resistant Hash Functions from claw-free permutations. The notion of claw-freeness is closely related to that of collision resistance in hash functions. The distinction is that claw-free permutations are pairs of functions in which it is hard to create a collision between them, while a collision-resistant hash function is a single function in which it's hard to find a collision, i.e. a function H is collision resistant if it's hard to find a pair of distinct values x,y such that
Claw (disambiguation)
A claw is a sharp growth at the end of a toe or finger.
Claw or Claws may also refer to:
In entertainment:
In music
Podcasts:
Claw
ALBUMS
- Deadly Alliance released: 2006
Claw
ALBUMS
- Dubkraft Records: The First 3 Years released: 2009
Claw
by: MotorheadWatchin' you, watchin' me
I was hopin' you'd be here tonight
Watchin' him, watchin' you
He'd better watch out too
He keeps gettin' in my light
I think he's goin' overload
Don't know what you're runnin' for
He thinks he's got you where he wants you, babe
But he don't understand the power of the claw
The claw, the claw, the claw
You know me, I know you
We both know what we came here for
And he thinks he knows you
He thinks he's got you too
Gonna make him cry for sure
He's goin' to have to make his own way home
I don't know what is he smiling for
He thinks you're gonna keep your promises, babe
But he don't understand the power of the claw
The claw, the claw, the claw
The claw, the claw, the claw, the claw
Me walkin' up to you
And whisper in your eager ear
You whisper back to me
And he begins to see
He feels the claw is near
And so the ballet starts again
Exit stage left through the door
And we begin the horizontal dance
And he begins to know just what the claw is for
The claw, the claw, the claw
The claw, the claw, the claw, the claw
The claw, the claw, the claw
The claw, the claw, the claw
[Incomprehensible]
You know just what the claw is for
You know just what the claw is for
You know just what the claw is for
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