Chupa (inhabited locality)

Chupa (Russian: Чупа́) is the name of several inhabited localities in the Republic of Karelia, Russia.

Human settlement

In geography, statistics and archaeology, a settlement, locality or populated place is a community in which people live. A settlement can range in size from a small number of dwellings grouped together to the largest of cities with surrounding urbanized areas. Settlements may include hamlets, villages, towns and cities.

In the field of geospatial predictive modeling, settlements are "a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work".

A settlement conventionally includes its constructed facilities such as roads, enclosures, field systems, boundary banks and ditches, ponds, parks and woods, wind and water mills, manor houses, moats and churches.

The oldest remains that have been found of constructed dwellings are remains of huts that were made of mud and branches around 17,000 BC at the Ohalo site (now underwater) near the edge of the Sea of Galilee. The Natufians built houses, also in Palestine, around 10,000 BC. Remains of settlements such as villages become much more common after the invention of agriculture.

Locality

Locality may refer to:

Science

See also

Central tendency

In statistics, a central tendency (or, more commonly, a measure of central tendency) is a central or typical value for a probability distribution. It may also be called a center or location of the distribution. Colloquially, measures of central tendency are often called averages. The term central tendency dates from the late 1920s.

The most common measures of central tendency are the arithmetic mean, the median and the mode. A central tendency can be calculated for either a finite set of values or for a theoretical distribution, such as the normal distribution. Occasionally authors use central tendency to denote "the tendency of quantitative data to cluster around some central value."

The central tendency of a distribution is typically contrasted with its dispersion or variability; dispersion and central tendency are the often characterized properties of distributions. Analysts may judge whether data has a strong or a weak central tendency based on its dispersion.

Measures of central tendency

Type (biology)

In biology, a type is one particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralize the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen.

A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution.

Type specimen

According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost always based on one particular specimen, or in some cases specimens. Types are of great significance to biologists, especially to taxonomists. Types are usually physical specimens that are kept in a museum or herbarium research collection, but failing that, an image of an individual of that taxon has sometimes been designated as a type. Describing species and appointing type specimens is part of scientific nomenclature and alpha taxonomy.

Chupa

Chupa may refer to:

Chupa, Republic of Karelia

Chupa (Russian: Чyпа́; Karelian: Čuuppu) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Loukhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the coast of the White Sea, 629 kilometers (391 mi) north of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,924.

History

It has been known since 1574. Urban-type settlement status was granted to it in 1943.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Chupa is subordinated to Loukhsky District. As a municipal division, Chupa, together with one rural locality (the station of Chupa), is incorporated within Loukhsky Municipal District as Chupinskoye Urban Settlement.

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