Category
Category, plural categories, may refer to:
Philosophy and general uses
Mathematics
- Abelian category
- Category of small categories
- Category of sets
- Category (topology) in the context of Baire spaces
- Lusternik–Schnirelmann category, sometimes called LS-category or simply category
- Monoidal category
- Preadditive category
Linguistics
Lusternik–Schnirelmann category
In mathematics, the Lyusternik–Schnirelmann category (or, Lusternik–Schnirelmann category, LS-category) of a topological space 
is the homotopical invariant defined to be the smallest integer number 
such that there is an open covering 
of with the property that each inclusion map 
is nullhomotopic. For example, if is the circle, this takes the value two.
Sometimes a different normalization of the invariant is adopted, which is one less than the definition above Such a normalization has been adopted in the definitive monograph by Cornea, Lupton, Oprea, and Tanré (see below).
In general it is not easy to compute this invariant, which was initially introduced by Lazar Lyusternik and Lev Schnirelmann in connection with variational problems. It has a close connection with algebraic topology, in particular cup-length. In the modern normalization, the cup-length is a lower bound for LS category.
It was, as originally defined for the case of X a manifold, the lower bound for the number of critical points that a real-valued function on X could possess (this should be compared with the result in Morse theory that shows that the sum of the Betti numbers is a lower bound for the number of critical points of a Morse function).
Grammatical category
A grammatical category is a property of items within the grammar of a language; it has a number of possible values (sometimes called grammemes), which are normally mutually exclusive within a given category. Examples of frequently encountered grammatical categories include tense (which may take values such as present, past, etc.), number (with values such as singular, plural, and sometimes dual), and gender (with values such as masculine, feminine and neuter).
Although terminology is not always consistent, a distinction should be made between these grammatical categories (tense, number, etc.) and lexical categories, which are closely synonymous with the traditional parts of speech (noun, verb, adjective, etc.), or more generally syntactic categories. Grammatical categories are also referred to as (grammatical) features.
The name given to a grammatical category (as an uncountable noun) is generally also used (as a countable noun) to denote any of the possible values for that category. For example, the values available in a given language for the category "tense" are called "tenses", the values available for the category "gender" are called "genders", and so on.
NOFX
NOFX /ˌnoʊɛfˈɛks/ is an American punk rock band from Los Angeles, California. The band was formed in 1983 by vocalist/bassist Fat Mike and guitarist Eric Melvin. Drummer Erik Sandin joined NOFX shortly after. In 1991, El Hefe joined to play lead guitar and trumpet, rounding out the current line-up. The band rose to popularity with their fifth studio album Punk in Drublic (1994).
NOFX's mainstream success was signified by a growing interest in punk rock during the 1990s, but unlike many of their contemporaries (including Bad Religion, Green Day and The Offspring), they have never been signed to a major label. NOFX has released twelve studio albums, fifteen extended plays and a number of seven-inch singles. Their latest studio album, Self Entitled, was released on September 11, 2012. The group has sold over 8 million records worldwide. The band also broadcast their own show on Fuse TV entitled NOFX: Backstage Passport.
History
Early years (1983–1990)
NOFX (1985 EP)
NOFX is the eponymous debut EP by the American punk rock band NOFX. Recorded at Mystic Studios in Hollywood, recorded and produced by Phillip (Philco) Raves. It was released on January 1, 1985 through Mystic Records. The first 500 copies included a lyrics sheet. The next 500 were pressed on light-blue vinyl, while the others were issued on black vinyl. The EP was included in its entirety on Maximum Rocknroll.
The song "Six Pack Girls" made it onto the VHS release Ten Years of Fuckin' Up. It played over a montage of early pictures of the band.
Track listing
References
NOFX (2011 EP)
NOFX is an EP by the American punk rock band NOFX, released August 2, 2011 through Fat Wreck Chords and consisting entirely of cover versions of hardcore punk songs. The idea for the EP was originally announced in 2009—before the release of the group's eleventh studio album Coaster—and was originally announced to be released exclusively as a 10" vinyl record. The EP was also made available in 12" vinyl picture disc and 7" vinyl record formats.
Track listing
The EP features nine cover versions songs that were originally written by "rather obscure American hardcore bands" from the 1980s. The album's packaging does not list any song titles or writing credits. In various interviews, NOFX frontman Fat Mike suggested that the album would include songs by Necros, Social Unrest, Stretch Marks, and Rebel Truth. One of the songs is an original NOFX composition.
Personnel
NOFX
References
Podcasts:
