Carnatic

Carnatic usually refers to:

It may also refer to:

Carnatic region

The Carnatic coast /kɑːrˈnætᵻk/ is the region of South India lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Coromandel Coast, in the modern Indian states of Tamil Nadu, south eastern Karnataka, north eastern Kerala and southern Andhra Pradesh.

Etymology

There are several theories as to the derivation of the term. It may derive from the Sanskrit language karņāţakam from karņa = "ear" + aţati = "he pleases" = "that which pleases the ear", thus "Karnāṭaka saṃgīta" = "Karnataka music", which was coined by Sarangadeva.

According to Bishop Robert Caldwell, in his Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian Languages, the term is derived from kar, black, and nadu, country, i.e. the black country, which refers to the black soil prevalent on the plateau of the Southern Deccan.

Hattangadi Narayan Rao suggests a derivation from karu, elevated, + nadu, land, "an elevated land", also descriptive of the region's geography.

The English "Carnatic" has been classicalised in spelling.

Geography

SS Carnatic

SS Carnatic was a British steamship built in 1862-63 by Samuda Brothers at Cubitt Town on the Isle of Dogs, London, for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. She operated on the Suez to Bombay run in the last years before the Suez Canal was opened.

Ship history

The ship was laid down in early 1862, and was originally to be named Mysore. She was launched as Carnatic on 12 June 1862, and completed on 25 April 1863. The iron-framed wooden-planked hull was fitted with square-rigged sails, and also had a 4-cylinder compound inverted steam engine by Humphrys & Tennant, providing 2,442 hp (1,821 kW) to a single propeller.

Grounding

On 12 September 1869, she ran aground on Sha`b Abu Nuhas coral reef near Shadwan Island in the mouth of the Gulf of Suez, in the Red Sea. Having assessed the ship to be safe and the pumps, Captain P. B. Jones denied repeated passengers requests to abandon ship, and reassured them that the ship was safe and that the P&O Liner Sumatra was due to pass by and would rescue them. There was a general air of calm and normality on board until eventually at 2 a.m. on the 14th, the rising water engulfed the ships boilers and the ship was left without power or light. At 11 a.m. the following morning, after 34 hours on the reef, Captain Jones had just given the order to abandon ship and the first four passengers had taken their seats in one of the lifeboats when Carnatic suddenly broke in half. 31 people drowned. The survivors made it to barren Shadwan, where they were rescued the next day by a passing ship, Sumatra.