Caribbean

The Caribbean (/ˌkærᵻˈbiːən/ or /kəˈrɪbiən/; Spanish: Caribe; Dutch:  Caraïben ; Caribbean Hindustani: कैरिबियन (Kairibiyana); French: Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles) is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean), and the surrounding coasts. The region is southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and the North American mainland, east of Central America, and north of South America.

Situated largely on the Caribbean Plate, the region comprises more than 700 islands, islets, reefs, and cays. (See the list.) These islands generally form island arcs that delineate the eastern and northern edges of the Caribbean Sea. The Caribbean islands, consisting of the Greater Antilles on the north and the Lesser Antilles on the south and east (including the Leeward Antilles), are part of the somewhat larger West Indies grouping, which also includes the Lucayan Archipelago (comprising The Bahamas and Turks and Caicos Islands) north of the Greater Antilles and Caribbean Sea. In a wider sense, the mainland countries of Belize, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana are also included.

Nation

Nation (from Latin: natio, "people, tribe, kin, genus, class, flock") is a social concept with no uncontroversial definition, but that is most commonly used to designate larger groups or collectives of people with common characteristics attributed to them—including language, traditions, customs (mores), habits (habitus), and ethnicity. A nation, by comparison, is more impersonal, abstract, and overtly political than an ethnic group. It is a cultural-political community that has become conscious of its autonomy, unity, and particular interests.

According to Joseph Stalin: "a nation is not a racial or tribal, but a historically constituted community of people;" "a nation is not a casual or ephemeral conglomeration, but a stable community of people"; "a nation is formed only as a result of lengthy and systematic intercourse, as a result of people living together generation after generation"; and, in its entirety: "a nation is a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, and psychological make-up manifested in a common culture."

LGBT pride events in Singapore

Singapore's first public LGBT pride festival, IndigNation, took place during the month of August in 2005, with a second annual IndigNation in August 2006. Previous gay celebrations, exemplified by the Nation parties held annually in Singapore since 2001, were private commercial events held for LGBT recreation, but were also socio-political statements of significance in Singapore gay history and milestones in Singapore's human rights record.

History

Before 2001

Prior to 2001, all events held for LGBT people were private affairs not advertised or even made known to the general public. Most were held indoors, especially on Sunday nights at various mainstream discos which were eager to tap the pink dollar on a day when business from their straight patrons was slow. This phenomenon began in the early 1980s when the police started to turn a blind eye to men disco-dancing with each other, but not during the slow numbers, when they were cautioned by the managements of these venues to "behave". This was done to avoid complaints from heterosexual patrons who were initially invariably present.

Nation (Paris Métro and RER)

Nation is a station of the Paris Métro and of Île-de-France's regional high-speed RER. It serves lines 1, 2, 6 and 9 of the Paris Métro and line A of the RER. It takes its name from its location at the Place de la Nation.

The line 1 station opened as part of the first stage of the line between Porte de Vincennes and Porte Maillot on 19 July 1900. The line 2 platforms opened when the line was extended from Bagnolet (now Alexandre Dumas) on 2 April 1903. The line 6 platforms opened when the line was extended from Place d'Italie to Nation on 1 March 1909. The line 9 platforms opened when the first stage of the line was extended from Richelieu – Drouot to Porte de Montreuil on 10 December 1933. On 12 December 1969, the RER station was opened as a new Paris terminus for the Ligne de Vincennes, replacing the old Gare de La Bastille. On 8 December 1977 the central section of line A opened from Nation to Auber.

It is named after the Place de la Nation, named in honour of Bastille Day in 1880. Previously it was called the Place du Trône, where guillotines were set up during the French Revolution.

Caribbean (board game)

Caribbean is a 2004 board game designed by Michail Antonow and Jens-Peter Schliemann.

Rules

Caribbean is a game for two to four players, taking place in the Caribbean in the 18th century. Six pirate ships, named Arriba, Bravo, Caribic, Diabolo, Evita and Fuego, sail the waters, intent on plundering treasure from ports both on the continent and on several islands. The players are looking to make as much profit as possible from this plundering.

However, the players do not have direct control over the ships - their pirate crews work independently, and so the players have to bribe them with barrels of rum to get to issue them orders. To this end, each player has seven cards, each containing a different number of barrels. Six of these are numbered from 0 to 5, and the seventh is a special "robber" card, numbered -1.

At the start of a round, each player assigns six of their cards, in secret, to the six pirate ships, deciding on how much rum they want to bribe each ship's crew with. After this, the players go through the ships one by one, revealing their bribes for the ship in question. The player with the highest bribe gets to move the ship, as many places as there are barrels on their bribe card. In case of a tie, the players may opt to reveal their seventh card as a tie-breaker. This tie-breaker may only be used once per round. If another player has assigned the "robber" card to the ship in question, one barrel of rum is stolen from the player with the highest bribe.

Caribbean Gold

Caribbean Gold is a 1952 American pirate film directed by Edward Ludwig and starring John Payne, Arlene Dahl and Cedric Hardwicke. It is based on the novel Carib Gold by Ellery Clark. It is known by the alternative title Caribbean.

It earned an estimated $1.4 million at the US box office in 1952.

It has played uncut in restored Technicolor on the original incarnation of the American Movie Classics channel in the 1990s.

The cinematography was by Lionel Lindon.

Plot

In 1728, Dick Lindsay is taken prisoner by Captain Barclay and incarcerated aboard the Black Panther, his pirate ship. Also on board against his will is Robert MacAllister, nephew of Barclay's arch-nemesis, Andrew MacAllister.

The pirate kidnapped Robert as retribution for MacAllister having long ago done likewise to Barclay's infant daughter, Christine. The feud has continued for more than 20 years. Now the pirate intends to settle it once and for all. He propositions Dick to impersonate Robert and return to his uncle, going so far as to duplicate a distinctive scar on Robert's face.

Caribbean (novel)

The historical novel Caribbean (1989), written by James A. Michener, depicts the history of the Caribbean region from the time of the native Arawak tribes until about 1990. It mixes fact and fiction as Michener notes in the foreword. For example, the story about the island of All Saints is purely fictional, though the book's map shows it as an island in the location of Saint Lucia.

Chapter Summary