Capsule (botany)

In botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. A capsule is a structure composed of two or more carpels. In Angiosperms (flowering plants), the term locule is used to refer to a chamber within the fruit. Depending on the number of locules in the ovary, fruit can be classified as uni-locular (unilocular), bi-locular, tri-locular or multi-locular. The number of locules present in a gynoecium may be equal to or less than the number of carpels. The locules contain the ovules or seeds.

In most cases the capsule is dehiscent, i.e. at maturity, it splits apart (dehisces) to release the seeds within. A few capsules are indehiscent, for example those of Adansonia digitata, Alphitonia, and Merciera. In some capsules, the split occurs between carpels, and in others each carpel splits open. Where a capsule splits into distinguishable parts, these are called valves; the borders of the valves may or may not coincide with the borders of carpels.

Capsule

Capsule may refer to:

Anatomy

  • Articular capsule (joint capsule), an envelope surrounding a synovial joint
  • Bowman's capsule (glomerular capsule), a sac surrounding a glomerulus in a mammalian kidney
  • Glisson's capsule, a fibrous layer covering the external surface of the liver
  • Renal capsule, a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney
  • External capsule
  • Extreme capsule
  • Internal capsule
  • Medicine

  • Capsule (pharmacy), a small gelatinous case enclosing a dose of medication
  • Bacterial capsule, a layer that lies outside the cell wall of bacteria
  • Capsular contracture, the scar tissue naturally forming around breast implants
  • Lymph node capsule
  • Other uses

  • Capsule (band), a Japanese electronic duo
  • Capsule (botany), or seed capsule, a type of dry fruit like the poppy, iris or foxglove
  • Capsule (Ferris wheel), a passenger compartment
  • Capsule (geometry), a shape consisting of a cylinder capped with hemispheres
  • Capsule (microphone), the component which converts acoustic energy into an electric signal
  • Capsule hotel, a type of very dense overnight lodging popular in urban Japan
  • Capsule (band)

    Capsule (カプセル Kapuseru, stylized as CAPSULE since autumn 2013) is a Japanese electronica duo consisting of vocalist Toshiko Koshijima and producer Yasutaka Nakata.

    Music

    Capsule formed in November 1997, after Nakata Yasutaka and Koshijima Toshiko met at the Teens' Music Festival in the Hokuriku area convention when they were 17 years old. Their first single was "Sakura", released in March 2001 on Yamaha Music Communications. Their first album, High Collar Girl, was significantly different from their later works in that it did not involve nearly as much use of synthesizers or contain futuristic/electronic sounds.

    Capsule's style in albums up to L.D.K. Lounge Designers Killer (2005) was frequently referred to as "neo-Shibuya-kei" due to their stylistic similarities, both aesthetically and musically, to acts from the Shibuya-kei movement of the 1990s, most notably Pizzicato Five. It contained elements of bossa nova, lounge and breakbeat. From Fruits Clipper (2006) on their style was increasingly electro house.

    Adam Saltsman

    Adam Saltsman, also known as Adam Atomic, is an American indie video game designer best known for creating the endless runner Canabalt. He is a founder of Semi Secret Software and Finji video game studios.

    Career

    Canabalt

    almost no one in the industry ... hasn't taken serious note of its acclaim and wondered what magic formula there might be hidden in its design that can be replicated elsewhere.

    Adam Saltsman, also known as Adam Atomic, made the endless runner Canabalt in 2009, where an anonymous runner runs in one direction and is able to jump and slide upon landing. Boing Boing described the game as a "one-button action-opus". It was made in response to Experimental Gameplay's "Bare Minimum" challenge. The game's viral success was a surprise to him, and he later felt like he squandered the opportunity and audience.

    Semi Secret Software

    Saltsman produced an open-source game development library for Adobe Flash called Flixel. He has mentioned meeting people developing their first games in Flixel, and a development tool called Stencyl built atop Flixel. Saltsman presented on "Time Until Death" at the 2011 IndieCade.

    Podcasts:

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    Traditional Medicinals®, maker of Throat Coat®, Partners with Dave Matthews Band and REVERB to Sponsor ...

    Victoria Advocate 25 May 2023
    With more than 60 high quality teas, lozenges and capsules specially formulated by herbalists, Traditional Medicinals has a deep commitment to both cutting-edge botany and traditional plant knowledge.
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    TRADITIONAL MEDICINALS ANNOUNCES FIRST EVER BPI-CERTIFIED COMPOSTABLE TEA WRAPPER

    Victoria Advocate 20 Mar 2023
    With more than 60 high quality teas, lozenges and capsules specially formulated by herbalists, Traditional Medicinals has a deep commitment to both cutting-edge botany and traditional plant knowledge.
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    A local’s guide to Adelaide: ‘It can be a bit conservative, but also really exciting’

    The Observer 06 Jan 2023
    Food ... The result is an intense patch of people that are genuinely interested in food and fresh produce ... But my favourite place is the Museum of Economic Botany, an austere time capsule of objects connected to farming and plants in South Australia ... .
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