Camel
A camel is an even-toed ungulate within the genus Camelus, bearing distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. The two surviving species of camel are the dromedary, or one-humped camel (C. dromedarius), which inhabits the Middle East and the Horn of Africa; and the bactrian, or two-humped camel (C. bactrianus), which inhabits Central Asia. Both species have been domesticated; they provide milk, meat, hair for textiles or goods such as felted pouches, and are working animals with tasks ranging from human transport to bearing loads.
The term "camel" is derived via Latin and Greek (camelus and κάμηλος kamēlos respectively) from Hebrew or Phoenician gāmāl.
"Camel" is also used more broadly to describe any of the six camel-like mammals in the family Camelidae: the two true camels and the four New World camelids: the llama, alpaca, guanaco, and vicuña of South America.
Biology
The average life expectancy of a camel is 40 to 50 years. A full-grown adult camel stands 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) at the shoulder and 2.15 m (7 ft 1 in) at the hump. Camels can run at up to 65 km/h (40 mph) in short bursts and sustain speeds of up to 40 km/h (25 mph). Bactrian camels weigh 300 to 1,000 kg (660 to 2,200 lb) and dromedaries 300 to 600 kg (660 to 1,320 lb).
Camel (chess)
The camel (or long knight) is a fairy chess piece that moves like an elongated knight. When it moves, it can jump to a square that is three squares horizontally and one square vertically, or three squares vertically and one square horizontally, regardless of intervening pieces; thus, it is a (1,3)-leaper. Below, it is given the symbol L from Betza notation.
History and nomenclature
The camel is a very old piece, appearing in some very early chess variants, such as Tamerlane chess. It is still known as such in fairy chess problems.
Value
The camel by itself is worth about two pawns (appreciably less than a knight), because of its colorboundedness and lack of sufficient freedom of movement on an 8×8 board. However a camel and a bishop and a king can force checkmate on a bare king (assuming that the attacking pieces are not on the same color); a camel, a knight and a king can force checkmate on a bare king, but not easily (there are thirteen types of fortress draws); a camel, a wazir and a king can sometimes force checkmate on a bare king, but it can take up to 77 moves. Even if they are on different colours, two camels cannot checkmate a lone king. While the rook versus camel endgame is a draw in general, there are more winning positions than there are in rook versus knight and rook versus bishop: the longest win takes 35 moves. (All endgame statistics mentioned are for the 8×8 board.)
Camel (color)
Camel is a color that resembles the color of the hair of a camel.
The first recorded use of camel as a color name in English was in 1916.
The source of this color is: ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names (1955)--Color Sample of Camel (color sample #76).
Camel in human culture
See also
References
Podcasts:
Camel
ALBUMS
- The Snow Goose released: 2013
- Rainbow's End: An Anthology released: 2010
- Pressure Points released: 2009
- Nude released: 2009
- Rain Dances released: 2009
- A Live Record released: 2009
- The Single Factor released: 2009
- Pressure Points released: 2009
- I Can See Your House From Here released: 2009
- Breathless released: 2009
- Camel released: 2009
- Moonmadness released: 2009
- Stationary Traveller released: 2009
- Harbour of Tears released: 2007
- Rajaz released: 2007
- Dust and Dreams released: 2007
- Best: Supertwister released: 2006
- A Nod and a Wink released: 2002
- Mirage released: 2002
- Lunar Sea: An Anthology 1973-1985 released: 2001
- The Paris Collection released: 2001
- Coming of Age released: 1998
- On the Road 1981 released: 1997
- On the Road 1982 released: 1994
- Echoes released: 1993
- Never Let Go released: 1993
- The Collection released: 1986
- A Compact Compilation released: 1985
- Golders Green 1977 released: 1977
- The Snow Goose released: 1975
- Live in Warschau 1997 released:
- Live in Poland '97 released:
- Hammersmith Odeon 1977 released:
- The Stationary Tour: Live at Vredenburg released:
- Master Series: Camel released:
- Unevensongs released:
- Marquee Club released:
Rain Dances
Released 2009- First Light
- Metrognome
- Tell Me
- Highways to the Sun
- Unevensong
- One of These Days I'll Get an Early Night
- Elke
- Skylines
- Rain Dances
- Highways to the Sun (single version)
- First Light (BBC "Sight & Sound" 10-01-77)
- Metrognome (BBC "Sight & Sound" 10-01-77)
- Unevensong (BBC "Sight & Sound" 10-01-77)
- Skylines (BBC "Sight & Sound" 10-01-77)
- Highways to the Sun (BBC "Sight & Sound" 10-01-77)
- One of These Days I'll Get an Early Night (BBC "Sight & Sound" 10-01-77)
Master Series: Camel
- Remote Romance (single version)
- You Are the One (edited version)
- Rhayander
- Rhayander Goes to Town
- Cloak and Dagger Man
- Highways of the Sun (single version)
- Rainbow's End (single version)
- Fingertips
- Never Let Go (live)
- No Easy Answer
- Beached
- Another Night (single version)
- Breathless
- Tell Me (version two)
- Supertwister
- Please Come Home
- Wait
- Lunar Sea (live)
Camel
ALBUMS
- Ska Junction, Volume 1 released: 2003
Camel
ALBUMS
- Tsugi, Volume 28: Crookers Turkish Wax Mix released: 2010
Tsugi, Volume 28: Crookers Turkish Wax Mix
Released 2010- Remedy (feat. Miike Snow) (Cassius remix)
- Remedy (feat. Miike Snow) (Magik Johnson Acid Thunder dub)
- Barbie Weed
- Babylon (dub)
- Punani (feat. Spoek Mathambo) (Arcade remix)
- Dubchek (feat. Shantel + Boban Markovic Orkestra)
- Seas of Grease (Harvard Bass remix)
- Obrigado
- Get Mad
- Something Good Can Work (Crookers Dirrrrrty remix)
- Arena (feat. Poirier & Face-T) (Will Bailey remix)
- Royal T (feat. Róisín Murphy) (Riva Starr remix)
- Wham City
Camel
ALBUMS
- Underage released: 2004
きゃめる
ALBUMS
- フォトン released: 2013
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Freefall (5:47)
by: Camel(Bardens)
I'm in a freefall, like a snowflake falling,
Down, down, down, down, down.
I close my eyes inside my head I starfall
Helpless to the ground.
Down, down, down, down, down, oh yeah.
Smoke rings around me and bright sparks of fire
Flash by as I go.
I've got the feeling and it takes me higher
Than I'll ever know.
Go, go, go, go, go. Oooh.
(repeat)
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