CAF-1

CAF-1 (chromatin assembly factor-1) is a complex, including Chaf1a (p150), Chaf1b (p60) and p50 subunits that assembles histone tetramers onto replicating DNA in vitro This complex is histone chaperone involved in creating cellular memory of somatic cell identity - cellular differentiation.

CAF-1 is required for the spatial organization and epigenetic marking of heterochromatin domains in pluripotent embryonic cells.

Cells resembling 2-cell-stage mouse embryos (totipotent cells) can be induced in vitro through downregulation of the chromatin-assembly activity of CAF-1 in embryonic stem cells.

Optimal modulation of both CAF-1 and transcription factor levels increases reprogramming efficiency by several orders of magnitude and facilitated iPS cell formation in as little as 4 days. Mechanistically, CAF-1 suppression led to a more accessible chromatin structure at enhancer elements early during reprogramming. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in somatic heterochromatin domains, increased binding of Sox2 to pluripotency-specific targets and activation of associated genes. Suppression of CAF-1 also enhance the direct conversion of B cells into macrophages and fibroblasts into neurons..

Core Audio Format

The Core Audio Format is a container for storing audio, developed by Apple Inc.. It is compatible with Mac OS X 10.4 and higher; Mac OS X 10.3 needs QuickTime 7 to be installed.

Core Audio Format is designed to overcome limitations of older digital audio formats, including AIFF and WAV. Just like the QuickTime .mov container, a .caf container can contain many different audio formats, metadata tracks, and much more data. Not limited to a 4 GB file size like older digital audio formats, a single .caf file can theoretically save hundreds of years of recorded audio due to its use of 64-bit file offsets.

Soundtrack Pro and Logic Studio use the .caf format extensively for their loop and sound effects library, particularly for surround-sound audio compressed with the Apple Lossless (ALAC) codec.

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Cafu

Marcos Evangelista de Morais (born 7 June 1970), known as Cafu [kaˈfu], is a Brazilian former professional footballer. He is the most internationally capped male Brazilian player and also made history playing for São Paulo, Roma and Milan. He is the only player to have appeared in three World Cup finals, winning two, 1994 and 2002.

Cafu is best known for his time at Roma and Milan. He is regarded to be one of the greatest fullbacks ever to grace the Serie A, and as one of the greatest Brazilian players of his generation. In 1994, he was named South American Footballer of the Year, and in 2004, he was named by Pelé one of the 125 Greatest Living Footballers at a FIFA Awards ceremony. Cafu was a dynamic and energetic right-sided full-back or wing-back, and he is mostly remembered for his great pace, stamina, tactical intelligence, and technical ability, as well as his discipline and his characteristically cheerful demeanour.

Early life

One of six children, Cafu was raised in the Jardim Irene favela of São Paulo. At the age of seven, he was able to attend a football academy and soon moved up to the junior sides of Nacional-SP, Portuguesa and Itaquaquecetuba. He also played futsal for two years.

Cafú (footballer, born 1977)

Arlindo Gomes Semedo (born 17 November 1977), known as Cafú, is a Cape Verdean professional footballer who plays for S.C. Freamunde as a forward.

After playing in his country of birth for Belenenses and Boavista, amassing Primeira Liga totals of 153 games and 17 goals over the course of seven seasons, he went on to have a brief spell in Germany with Freiburg.

Already in his 30's Cafú moved to Cyprus, where he remained for five years in representation of several teams. Internationally, he played for Cape Verde.

Football career

Cafú was born in Lisbon, Portugal. During his early career he played for Almada AC, Amora FC, C.F. Os Belenenses – with which he made his Primeira Liga debuts in the 1999–2000 season – and Boavista FC, appearing in six games in the Porto team's quarterfinal run in the UEFA Cup in 2002–03 but starting rarely during his three-and-a-half-year spell with the club.

In January 2006, Cafú moved to Sportfreunde Siegen in Germany's second division, his five league goals not being enough to avoid relegation (as last). He subsequently stayed in the category and joined SC Freiburg, where he would appear sparingly in one-and-a-half-years.