Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor

Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), is a cell-surface protein encoded, in humans, by the CSF1R gene. It is a receptor for a cytokine called colony stimulating factor 1.

Genomics

The gene is located on long arm of chromosome 5 (5q32) on the Crick (minus) strand. It is 60.002 kilobases in length. The encoded protein has 972 amino acids and a predicted molecular weight of 107.984 kiloDaltons. The first intron of the CSF1R gene contains a transcriptionally inactive ribosomal protein L7 processed pseudogene, oriented in the opposite direction to the CSF1R gene.

Function

The encoded protein is a single pass type I membrane protein and acts as the receptor for colony stimulating factor 1, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. This receptor mediates most, if not all, of the biological effects of this cytokine. Ligand binding activates CSF1R through a process of oligomerization and trans-phosphorylation. The encoded protein is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor and member of the CSF1/PDGF receptor family of tyrosine-protein kinases. A structure of the autophosphorylation complex of Y561 in the juxtamembrane region of CSF1R has been identified in Protein Data Bank entry 3LCD.