Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology

The Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI) is a public organization for technology development in the Kingdom of Spain. In the Spanish language, the Centre is known as the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial. It was part of the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism, later was part of Ministry of Science and Innovation and now it is part of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. It claims to employ one hundred fifty people. The Centre support companies that want develop R&D projects with loans and other financial aids. In additión provide technical support. The Centre has presence in Japan, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Colombia, Korea, the Republic of Chile, and the Kingdom of Morocco. In 2002, the Centre contributed 117.2 million EUR to the European Space Agency. (Its monetary contributions to the Agency have risen steadily—by numerical value, not considering inflation—since 1998, when it contributed 104.85 million EUR.)

Common rail

Common rail direct fuel injection is a direct fuel injection system for petrol and diesel engines.

On diesel engines, it features a high-pressure (over 1,000 bar or 100 MPa or 15,000 psi) fuel rail feeding individual solenoid valves, as opposed to a low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors (or pump nozzles). Third-generation common rail diesels now feature piezoelectric injectors for increased precision, with fuel pressures up to 3,000 bar (300 MPa; 44,000 psi).

In petrol engines, it is used in Petrol direct injection engine technology.

History

The common rail system prototype was developed in the late 1960s by Robert Huber of Switzerland and the technology further developed by Dr. Marco Ganser at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, later of Ganser-Hydromag AG (est.1995) in Oberägeri.

The first successful usage in a production vehicle began in Japan by the mid-1990s. Dr. Shohei Itoh and Masahiko Miyaki of the Denso Corporation, a Japanese automotive parts manufacturer, developed the common rail fuel system for heavy duty vehicles and turned it into practical use on their ECD-U2 common-rail system mounted on the Hino Rising Ranger truck and sold for general use in 1995. Denso claims the first commercial high pressure common rail system in 1995.