C2 domain

A C2 domain is a protein structural domain involved in targeting proteins to cell membranes. The typical version (PKC-C2) has a beta-sandwich composed of 8 β-strands that co-ordinates two or three calcium ions, which bind in a cavity formed by the first and final loops of the domain, on the membrane binding face. Many other C2 domain families don't have calcium binding activity.

Coupling with other domains

C2 domains are frequently found coupled to enzymatic domains; for example, the C2 domain in PTEN, brings the phosphatase domain into contact with the plasma membrane, where it can dephosphorylate its substrate, phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP₃), without removing it from the membrane - which would be energetically very costly. PTEN consists of two domains, a protein tyrosine phosphatase domain and a C2 domain. This domain pair constitutes a superdomain, a heritable unit that is found in various proteins in fungi, plants and animals. In addition, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), an enzyme that phosphorylates phosphoinositides on the 3-hydroxyl group of the inositol ring, also uses a C2 domain to bind to the membrane (e.g. 1e8w PDB entry).

Domain

Domain may refer to:

Information technology

Domain wall

A domain wall is a type of topological soliton that occurs whenever a discrete symmetry is spontaneously broken. Domain walls also sometimes called kinks in analogy with closely related kink solution of the sine-Gordon model. Unstable domain walls can also appear if spontaneously broken discrete symmetry is approximate and there is the metastable vacuum.

A domain (hyper volume) is extended in three spatial dimensions and one time dimension. A domain wall is the boundary between two neighboring domains. Thus a domain wall is extended in two spatial dimensions and one time dimension.

Important examples are:

Besides these important cases similar solitons appear in wide spectrum of the models. Here are other examples:

Domain (band)

Domain is a German power metal band.

History

1986–1992

Domain first impressed fans of melodic metal back in the 1980s with their first works, "Lost In The City" (still under the old band name Kingdom), "Before The Storm" and "Crack in The Wall", as well as with their hit songs such as 'Lost In The City' and ‚ 'I Don’t Wanna Die'. Single "Heart Of Stone was a title song of german mini-serial "Bastard".

2000–2006

But it was their next albums, "One Million Lightyears From Home" (2001), "The Artefact" (2002) and "The Sixth Dimension" (2003) as well as a successful tour with the rock legends, Glenn Hughes and Joe Lynn Turner (HTP) that secured the quintet a place in the European Melodic Metal scene. With a harder edged sound, Domain still had a good following. And that was when the career of the guitarist Axel "Ironfinger" Ritt (Grave Digger), ex-vocalist Carsten Lizard Schulz (Evidence One et al.), and the long-term band mates keyboarder Erdmann Lange, ex-bass player Jochen Mayer (Boysvoice, Demon Drive, Casanova) and the ex-drummer Stefan Köllner really began…