Madam C. J. Walker

Sarah Breedlove (December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919), known as Madam C. J. Walker, was an American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and the first female self-made millionaire in America. She made her fortune by developing and marketing a line of beauty and hair products for black women under the company she founded, Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company.

Early life

Sarah Breedlove was born on December 23, 1867 near Delta, Louisiana. She was one of six children; she had a sister, Louvenia, and four brothers: Alexander, James, Solomon, and Owen Jr. Her parents and older siblings were enslaved people on Madison Parish plantation, owned by Robert W. Burney. She was the first child in her family born into freedom after the Emancipation Proclamation was signed. Her mother died, possibly from cholera, in 1872. Her father remarried and died shortly afterward. Sarah, orphaned at the age of seven, moved in with her older sister Louvenia and brother-in-law Willie Powell. At the age of 14, she married Moses McWilliams to escape Powell's mistreatment, and three years later her daughter, Lelia McWilliams, was born. When Sarah was 20, and Lelia was just 2 years old, Sarah's husband died. Shortly afterward Sarah moved to St. Louis, where three of her brothers lived. They were all barbers at a local barbershop. In 1877, the trio moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi. Though there is no substantial proof claiming Sarah was employed, it was likely that she worked picking cotton. She managed to get a job as a washer woman. During the 1980s, Breed lived in a community where ragtime music was developed—she sang at the St. Paul African Methodist Episcopal Church and started to yearn for an educated life as she watched the community of women at her church. She barely earned more than a dollar a day but was determined to make enough money that her daughter would be able to receive a formal education.

CJ

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Cuvio

Cuvio (Cüj in Western Lombard) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,610 and an area of 5.9 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi).

Cuvio borders the following municipalities: Azzio, Barasso, Casalzuigno, Castello Cabiaglio, Cocquio-Trevisago, Comerio, Cuveglio, Gavirate, Orino.

Demographic evolution

References

Clean and jerk

The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the clean, the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across deltoids and clavicles. During the jerk the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

Of the several variants of the lift, the most common is the Olympic clean and jerk, which, with the snatch is contested in Olympic weightlifting events.

Clean

To execute a clean, a lifter grasps the barbell just outside the legs, typically using a hook grip. Once the barbell is above the knees, the lifter extends explosively, raising the bar as high as possible before quickly dropping into a squat and receiving it in a "racked" position in front of the neck and resting on the shoulders. To complete the clean, the lifter stands, often propelling the bar upward from the shoulders slightly as the erect position is attained and shifting the grip slightly wider and the feet slightly closer together in preparation for the jerk.