Procyanidin C2
Procyanidin C2 is a B type proanthocyanidin trimer, a type of condensed tannin.
Natural occurrences
Procyanidin C2 is found in grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) and wine, in barley (Hordeum vulgare),malt and beer, in Betula spp., in Pinus radiata, in Potentilla viscosa, in Salix caprea or in Cryptomeria japonica.
The contents in barley grain of trimeric proanthocyanidins, including procyanidin C2, range from 53 to 151 μg catechin equivalents/g.
Possible health uses
Proanthocyanidin oligomers, extracted from grape seeds, have been used for the experimental treatment of androgenic alopecia. When applied topically, they promote hair growth in vitro, and induce anagen in vivo. Procyanidin C2 is the subtype of extract most effective.
Experiments showed that both procyanidin C2 and Pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) increase TNF-α secretion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that procyanidins act as modulators of the immune response in macrophages.