"Buffalo Soldier" | ||||||||||
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Single by Bob Marley & The Wailers | ||||||||||
from the album Confrontation | ||||||||||
Released | 1983 | |||||||||
Recorded | 1980 | |||||||||
Genre | Reggae | |||||||||
Length | 4:16 | |||||||||
Writer(s) | Bob Marley & King Sporty | |||||||||
Bob Marley & The Wailers singles chronology | ||||||||||
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"Buffalo Soldier" is a reggae song written by Bob Marley and Noel G. "King Sport" Williams from Marley's final recording sessions in 1980. It did not appear on record until the 1983 posthumous release of Confrontation, when it became one of Marley's best-known songs. The title and lyrics refer to the black U.S. cavalry regiments, known as "Buffalo Soldiers", that fought in the Indian Wars after 1866. Marley likened their fight to a fight for survival, and recasts it as a symbol of black resistance.[1]
The song's bridge, with the lyrics woy! yoy! yoy!, is similar to the chorus of the Banana Splits' "The Tra-La-La Song", the 1968 theme from their TV show, written by N. B. Winkless Jr. There has never been any litigation connected to the similarity.[2]
The song has been covered by many artists, including Cultura Profética (on their album Tribute to the Legend: Bob Marley), and Vanilla Ice (on his 2008 album Vanilla Ice Is Back!)[3].
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Buffalo Soldiers originally were members of the U.S. 10th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army, formed on September 21, 1866 at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. This nickname was given to the "Negro Cavalry" by the Native American tribes they fought in the Indian Wars. The term eventually became synonymous with all of the African American regiments formed in 1866:
Although several African American regiments were raised during the Civil War as part of the Union Army (including the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry and the many United States Colored Troops Regiments), the "Buffalo Soldiers" were established by Congress as the first peacetime all-black regiments in the regular U.S. Army. On September 6, 2005, Mark Matthews, who was the oldest living Buffalo Soldier, died at the age of 111. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
Soul Soldier (produced under the working title Men of the Tenth; originally released as The Red, White, and Black; released on home video in the United States as Buffalo Soldier; released on home video in Australia as Black Cavalry; also called Soul Soldiers) is a 1970 blaxploitation Western film. The film was initially produced by Hirschman-Northern Productions under the working title Men of the Tenth. After it was filmed on 16 mm film and released under the title The Red, White, and Black, producer Stuart Hirschman asked John Cardos to salvage the film, and Cardos, after looking at the existing footage, insisted that the entire film needed to be reshot in 35 mm film. Cardos directed the reshoot, which was entirely shot on an Arriflex 35 IIC.Richard Dix's son Robert Dix appears in the film as a Native American warrior.Isabel Sanford portrays the character Isabel Taylor.Janee Michelle and Robert DoQui share nude sex scenes in the film.Rafer Johnson, who had won medals as a decathlete at the Olympic Games, starred in the film and intended to use all the money he earned from acting in the film to start his own film company. The financial success of the film led to the production of several other films in the genre. When the film was released on home video, it was renamed Buffalo Soldier.
A Buffalo Soldier was a member of one of four original regiments activated in 1866 by the United States Army. Today it refers to the character and nickname of the United States Army soldiers in the 9th and 10th Cavalry units.
Buffalo Soldier or Buffalo Soldiers may also refer to: