Brown

Brown is the color of dark wood or rich soil. Brown is a composite color; in printing or painting, brown is made by combining red, black and yellow, or red, yellow and blue. In the RGB color model used to make colors on television screens and computer monitors, brown is made by combining red and green, in specific proportions. The brown color is seen widely in nature, in wood, soil, and human hair color, eye color and skin pigmentation. In Europe and the United States, brown is the color most often associated with plainness, humility, the rustic, and poverty. Brown is also, according to public opinion surveys in Europe and the United States, the least favorite color of the public.

In nature and culture

The Sahara Desert around Kufra Oasis, Libya, seen from space

The Sahara Desert around Kufra Oasis, Libya, seen from space

Chocolate. A sachertorte in a Vienna cafe.

Chocolate. A sachertorte in a Vienna cafe.

Espresso-roasted coffee beans.

Espresso-roasted coffee beans.

Brown (1814 cricketer)

Brown (first name and dates unknown) was an English first-class cricketer associated with Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) who was active in the 1810s. He is recorded in one match in 1814, totalling 11 runs with a highest score of 7 not out.

References

Bibliography

Brown (crater)

Brown is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southeast part of the Moon, to the southwest of the prominent ray crater Tycho. Northwest of Brown is the crater Wilhelm, and to the west is Montanari.

The rim of Brown is mis-shapen from a typical circular formation, most notably due to the intrusion of the satellite crater Brown E into the southeast of the formation. The northern rim is polygonal in shape, with a flattened northern rim. There is also a small gap in the western rim which protrudes to the west.

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Brown.

References

Bagà

Bagà is a Spanish municipality located in the comarca of Berguedà, in Catalonia.

Traditionally, Bagà is considered the capital of Alt Berguedà, the mountainous northern half of the comarca.

Location

Bagà is located at the head of the valley of the Llobregat river, at the feet of the high mountains of the Cadí range. The town itself is at 785 metres above sea level.

Bagà is 20 kilometers to the north of Berga, and 7.5 kilometers to the south of the Túnel del Cadí, a tunnel which crosses the Cadí range, connecting with the region of la Cerdanya.

The municipality includes a small exclave to the west.

History

Bagà was founded in the 9th century A.D. when the region of Berguedà was repopulated by Wilfred the Hairy. The noble family of Pinós dominated most of Alt Berguedà throughout most of the Middle Ages and administered its domains from the town of Bagà, giving the town some importance.

The town was redesigned in the 13th century by Galceran IV de Pinós, and is a rare example of medieval city planning. The town grew rapidly and by the beginning of the 14th century a new neighbourhood had to be built outside of the town's walls to accommodate its growing population. Bagà was also granted a weekly market (which continues to this day) consolidating its role as a regional capital.

Bagé

Bagé is a municipality in the south of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In 2007 its population was 164,550 (IBGE) in a total area of 4,096 km². It was the tenth largest city in the state in 2007

Location

Bagé is located 374 km. southwest of the state capital, Porto Alegre and approximately 60 km north of the border with Uruguay at Aceguá. The distance to Pelotas to the east on BR 293 is 180 km. Other distances from Bagé are:

Santana do Livramento: 170 km. Jaguarão: 199 km. Santa Maria: 250 km. See Aonde Fica and Prefeitura Municipal de Bagé for distances.

Comandante Gustavo Kraemer International Airport serves the city and the region although currectly no scheduled flights operate to and from it.

Climate

At an elevation of 242 meters above sea level just south of latitude 30° Bagé has a mild climate with maximum temperatures of 30 °C in January and 17 °C in June and minimum temperatures of 18 °C in January and 8 °C in June. Rainfall is spread out throughout the year with a maximum of 140.9 mm in July and a minimum of 103.1 mm in April.

Bag (puzzle)

Bag (also called Corral or Cave) is a binary-determination logic puzzle published by Nikoli.

Rules

Bag is played on a rectangular grid, usually of dashed lines, in which numbers appear in some of the cells.

The object is to draw a single, continuous loop along the lines of the grid, which contains all the numbers on the grid. Additionally, each number denotes the sum of all cells visible in any orthogonal direction before line of the loop is reached. For example, a 2 cell will have one cell adjacent to it, followed by a wall of the loop. In other words, if we treat the loop as a wall, each number denotes the number of cells can be seen from the cell with the number when looking orthogonally, the cell itself included.

Solution methods

The easiest starting place is to find a "maximum cell"; that is, a numbered cell which if the walls are not at the maximum distance possible, the number is not satisfied. For example, in a 10x10 grid which has not started to be solved, a 19-cell is a maximum cell, since if the four walls are not at the edges of the grid, the number of cells visible wouldn't be enough. After making some progress, "minimum cells" appear, where if the walls are not at the minimum distance possible, the number is not satisfied.