Borey

Borey is a commune in the Haute-Saône department in the region of Franche-Comté in eastern France.

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Borei-class submarine

The Dolgorukiy class (Russian: Борей; sometimes transliterated as Borey, and known as the Dolgorukiy class after the name of the lead vessel, Yury Dolgorukiy) is the new class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine produced by Russia and operated by the Russian Navy, while the Severodvinsk-class submarine is the new Russian attack submarine. The class is intended to replace the Delta III, Delta IV and Typhoon classes now in Russian Navy service. The class is named after Boreas, the North wind.

Despite being a replacement for many types of submarines, the Dolgorukiy-class submarines are slightly smaller than the Typhoon-class in terms of length (170 m (560 ft) as opposed to 175 m (574 ft)) and crew (107 people). These changes were in part designed to reduce the cost to build and maintain the submarines.

History and description

The first design work was laid down in mid-1980s and the build of the first unit of the Borei class (officially designated "Project 955") started in 1996. (A short-lived, smaller parallel design appeared in the mid-1980s was designated Project 935 Borei II) A new submarine-launched ballistic missile was developed in parallel, called the R-39UTTH "Bark". However, the work on this missile was abandoned, and a new missile called the Bulava was designed. The submarine needed to be redesigned to accommodate the new missile, and the project name was changed to Project 955. The vessels are being built at the Northern Machinebuilding Enterprise (Sevmash) in Severodvinsk, and were designed by the Rubin Marine Equipment Design Bureau (Rubin). Because of the repeated failures during Bulava test launches, some experts have suggested that the Borei submarine could instead be armed with R-29RMU Sineva missiles. The Sineva is already in active duty on the Delta IV-class submarine.