Bord Gáis Energy

Bord Gáis Energy is a utility that supplies gas and electricity and boiler services to customers in the Republic of Ireland. Bord Gáis Energy has been in operation since 1976 and supply over 750,000 customers with energy in Ireland. Since mid-2014 Bord Gáis Energy is also part of the global Centrica plc Group. Bord Gáis Energy has offices in Dublin and Cork as well as having boiler service technicians nationwide. Bord Gáis translates as "Gas Board".

History

Beginning in the early 2000s Ireland's state owned public utilities underwent major reform in the early 2000s, following the creation of the Commission for Energy Regulation. This was part of an effort at both Irish and European level to open up electricity and gas markets and end national monopolies through the separation of customer supply and transmission within public utilities. Bord Gáis Éireann was therefore obliged to open up to competition and allow other firms access to their gas network. As part of this effort Bord Gáis Éireann was split into two main business streams Transmission and Distribution and Energy Supply.

Gais

Gais is a municipality in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden in Switzerland. The area of Gais is 21.2 km² (8.2 sq mi).

In 1977 Gais received the Wakker Prize for the development and preservation of its architectural heritage. The village square, the Protestant church of 1782, the former spa hotel Neuer Ochsen of 1796 and the Krone inn of 1781 are listed as heritage sites of national significance.

History

The village of de Geis is first mentioned in a list of offerings given to the Abbey of St Gall in 1272. While under the Abbey, Gais was a semi-independent village with its own amtmann (bailiff) and judge. By the 14th century Gais was already acting as an independent community. Under the amtmann, Konrad Geppensteiner, Gais joined the Swabian Cities Alliance (German: Schwäbian Städtebund) in 1377. In 1401 the town allied with the League of God's House. One of the most important battles of the Appenzell Wars (1401–29), the battle of Stoss Pass, took place in the territory of Gais.

Geography

GAIS (disambiguation)

GAIS can refer to:

See also

GAIS

Göteborgs Atlet- och Idrottssällskap (en: Gothenburg Athletics & Sports Association), commonly referred to as GAIS, is a Swedish football club based in Gothenburg. The club is affiliated to the Göteborgs Fotbollförbund and play their home games at Gamla Ullevi. Fans also refers to the club as Grönsvart (green-black) or The Mackerels because of the traditional shirt colours.

GAIS is one of the oldest football clubs in Sweden. The club was a founding member of Allsvenskan and also the first champions of the league. They have won a total of four national championship titles, five league championship titles and one national cup title. Even though GAIS have played 49 seasons in Allsvenskan they only spent six years in the top division during a 30-year period from 1976 to 2005, with another six seasons of that time spent as low as the third division. The club thus gained the reputation of being a yo-yo club, constantly going up and down through the league system. After their promotion in 2005 the club played seven straight seasons in Allsvenskan which was a feat not achieved since the degradation in 1955. After relegation in 2012 they finished seventh in Superettan in 2013 and has remained there since.

Cucerdea

Cucerdea (Hungarian: Oláhkocsárd, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈolaːkotʃaːrd]) is a commune in Mureş County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Bord (Bord), Cucerdea and Şeulia de Mureş (Oláhsályi).

See also

Coordinates: 46°24′N 24°16′E / 46.400°N 24.267°E / 46.400; 24.267

References

Ives noir

Ives noir is a red hybrid grape variety that is grown throughout the United States. The grape is named after its propagator, Connecticut wine grower Henry Ives but the grapes pedigree and exact origin is not clear. After Prohibition in the United States, Ives was a popular grape used in the production of sweet port-style wines but saw its plantings steadily decrease throughout the 20th century as the vine's susceptibility to air pollution took its toll.

History and pedigree

According to the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) the grape was first developed in Ohio in 1844 from a crossing of an unknown Vitis species and Hartford Proflic (itself a crossing of an unknown Vitis labrusca vine and Isabella that was developed in Connecticut). The National Grape Registry maintained by the University of California, Davis list 1850 as the release date. Writings from Henry Ives himself dates the crossing to 1840. However, the earliest record of Hartford Prolific being cultivated dates back to 1846 with the VIVC dating the crossing even later to 1849.