Kalevala

The Kalevala or The Kalewala (/ˌkɑːləˈvɑːlə/;Finnish: [ˈkɑle̞ʋɑlɑ]) is a 19th-century work of epic poetry compiled by Elias Lönnrot from Karelian and Finnish oral folklore and mythology.

It is regarded as the national epic of Karelia and Finland and is one of the most significant works of Finnish literature. The Kalevala played an instrumental role in the development of the Finnish national identity, the intensification of Finland's language strife and the growing sense of nationality that ultimately led to Finland's independence from Russia in 1917.

The first version of The Kalevala (called The Old Kalevala) was published in 1835. The version most commonly known today was first published in 1849 and consists of 22,795 verses, divided into fifty songs (Finnish: runot). The title can be interpreted as "The Land of Kaleva" or "Kalevia".

Collection and compilation

Elias Lönnrot

Elias Lönnrot (9 April 1802 – 19 March 1884) was a physician, botanist and linguist. During the time he was compiling the Kalevala he was the district health officer based in Kajaani responsible for the whole Kainuu region in the eastern part of what was then the Grand Duchy of Finland. He was the son of Fredrik Johan Lönnrot, a tailor and Ulrika Lönnrot; he was born in the village of Sammatti, Uusimaa.

Kalevala, Russia

Kalevala (Russian: Калевала; Karelian: Kalevala) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Kalevalsky District in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,529.

History

It was named Ukhta (Ухта) until 1963, when it was renamed after the Finnish Kalevala epos. The poem collection was in part collected in Ukhta.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kalevala serves as the administrative center of Kalevalsky District, of which it is a part. As a municipal division, Kalevala, together with one rural locality (the settlement of Kuusiniyemi) is incorporated within Kalevalsky Municipal District as Kalevalskoye Urban Settlement.

Climate

Kalevala has a subarctic climate. Its climate is somewhat tempered by its relative proximity to mild marine areas, ensuring winters that are more habitable than areas further east. However in spite of this, the winter season is dominant and summers are short and cool.

Kalevala (corvette)

Kalevala, a.k.a. "Calevala" (Russian: Калевала), was a propeller-operated corvette of the Finnish navy. The construction of it was completed in 1858 at Turku Old Shipyard, Finland. From 1860 to 1865, the corvette served in the Pacific Fleet of Russia. At the time, Finland was an autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland (1809-1917), a part of the Russian Empire.

Construction and launching of Kalevala

The corvette was designed by the ship designer Jörgensen, under the auspices of the Finnish Vice Admiral Johan Eberhard von Schantz (1802-1880), who was promoted to admiral in 1866. The construction of the vessel was funded by the Senate of Finland. The total cost of the ship's construction was 342'804 Russian silver rubles (the Finnish Markka became the currency of Finland from 1860 onward). The corvette had 15 cannons. The displacement of the vessel was 1500 tons. The ship was set afloat on July 2, 1858. In December, 1858, the Military Commissary of Finland hired machinists and boiler-men to work on the ship. In March, 1859, offers of food supplies for the crew were solicited. In the early summer of 1859, the steam engines of the vessel were tested at the Baltic Sea waters near Kronstadt. From the start, Finnish Baron Otto Carpelan operated as the captain of the ship. Finnish Paul Karl Toppelius (later promoted to rear admiral) became the head of the officers serving on the ship. Still during the springtime of 1860, machinists were hired for the ship's sailing season of 1860.

Boogie

Boogie is a repetitive, swung note or shuffle rhythm,"groove" or pattern used in blues which was originally played on the piano in boogie-woogie music. The characteristic rhythm and feel of the boogie was then adapted to guitar, double bass, and other instruments. The earliest recorded boogie-woogie song was in 1916. By the 1930s, Swing bands such as Benny Goodman, Glenn Miller, Tommy Dorsey, Gerald Martin, and Louis Jordan all had boogie hits. By the 1950s, boogie became incorporated into the emerging rockabilly and rock and roll styles. In the late 1980s and the early 1990s country bands released country boogies. Today, the term "boogie" usually refers to dancing to pop, disco, or rock music.

History

The boogie was originally played on the piano in boogie-woogie music and adapted to guitar. Boogie-woogie is a style of blues piano playing characterized by an up-tempo rhythm, a repeated melodic pattern in the bass, and a series of improvised variations in the treble. Boogie woogie developed from a piano style that developed in the rough barrelhouse bars in the Southern states, where a piano player performed for the hard-drinking patrons. Wayne Schmidt remarks that with boogie-woogie songs, the "bass line isn't just a time keeper or 'fill' for the right hand"; instead, the bassline has equal importance to the right hand's melodic line. He argues that many boogie-woogie basslines use a "rising/falling sequence of notes" called walking bass line.

Boogie (album)

Boogie is a compilation album of both previously released and unreleased tracks by the American band The Jackson 5. It was released after the release of the Jacksons studio album Destiny in 1979. Boogie is considered the rarest of all Jackson 5 or Jacksons releases, as not many albums were pressed and fewer were sold at the time.

Background and composition

In 1979, the Jacksons moved up in the Top 10 with the album Destiny, released by Epic, and the hit "Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)". Michael Jackson began recording Off the Wall that year, and Motown wanted to cash in on the newfound success with Boogie on the Natural Resources label.

Five of the seven songs are unpublished productions by Hal Davis; some are in the line of "Pride and Joy" on "Joyful Jukebox Music" as "I Was Made To Love Her" and "Love's Gone Bad". The sweetness of "One Day I'll Marry You", following the sessions for "Never Can Say Goodbye", might have its place in albums like Maybe Tomorrow and Got to Be There. "Oh, I've Been Blessed" is produced by Bobby Taylor, recorded in the early beginnings of Motown group. "Penny Arcade" is the vein of Lookin' Through the Windows.

Boogie (2009 film)

Boogie (Spanish: Boogie, el aceitoso) is a 2009 3D Argentinian Flash-animated action-thriller film, based on the Argentine character Boogie, the oily by Roberto Fontanarrosa, and directed by Gustavo Cova. The voices of main characters Boogie and Marcia were performed by Pablo Echarri and Nancy Dupláa. It was the first 3D animated movie made in Argentina and Latin America.

Plot

Boogie meets Marcia at a bar, the girlfriend of the mafia Boss Sonny Calabria, who asks him if he finds her attractive. Boogie points that she is fat in a very rude manner, and leaves. Some time later Calabria is sent to trial, threatened by the existence of a mysterious witness who could incriminate him. Calabria's people try to hire Boogie to kill that witness, but as he requests too much money they decide to hire Blackburn instead, a competitor killer. Angered by the situation, Boogie decides to kidnap the witness to force Calabria to pay him. The witness was Marcia, who had changed into a thin figure after Boogie's criticism, causing Calabria to leave her and get together with another fat woman, as he preferred fat women. Marcia falls in love with this seeming hero, despite his constant violence and lack of feelings, until she finds out his true plans. She tries to escape from him, but Boogie captures her back and negotiates giving her up to Calabria.