Bihar Sharif

Bihar Sharif is the seventh largest town in the Indian state of Bihar and the district headquarters of Nalanda district. Bihar Sharif is a hub of education and trade in south Bihar.

The city has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission.

History

Bihar Sharif is located on the banks of the Panchanan River and at the foot of Bari Pahari (Big Hill). The city owes its name to Budhhist origin (Vihar meaning Buddhist Monastery), But the city pre-dates Buddha. Bihar became the capital of the Magadha kingdom during rule of the Pala Dynasty and then until the 14th century CE. Later on the headquarters was moved to Patliputra (current Patna) by Sher Shah Suri and the whole Magadha region was called Bihar.

Lord Mahavira attained Nirvana at PawaPuri in Bihar in 527 BCE. The ancient Udantapuri University was established in the 8th century by the Pala Dynasty king Gopala I. It is considered the second oldest of India's Mahaviharas and was situated in Magadha. According to Tibetan records, there were about 12,000 students at Odantapuri, which was located in the foot of Bari Pahari (Big Hill), and was an important centre for the learning of Buddhism. Acharya Sri Ganga of Vikramashila was a student there. Odantpuri located in the foot of Bari Pahari (Big Hill) was an important centre for the learning of Buddhism. The town is rich in artefacts and relics of old Buddhist heritage. Broken idols of Buddha and Mahavira can be found in the Nalanda Museum and in many temples. Nalanda College in Bihar Sharif and Garhpar Locality are the areas where monastery was located.

Bihar

Bihar (/bᵻˈhɑːr/; Hindustani pronunciation: [bɪˈɦaːr]) is a state in East India. It is the 13th largest state of India, with an area of 94,163 km² (36,357 sq mi). The third largest state of India by population, it is also contiguous with Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, with Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is split by the river Ganges which flows from west to east.

On November 15, 2000, southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. Close to 85% of the population lives in villages. Additionally, almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, giving Bihar the highest proportion of young people compared to any other state in India. The official languages of the state are Hindi and Urdu. Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika (Maithili being the only one of these to be publicly accepted by the government).

In ancient and classical India, Bihar was considered a centre of power, learning, and culture. From Magadha arose India's first empire, the Maurya empire, as well as one of the world's most widely adhered-to religions, Buddhism. Magadha empires, notably under the Maurya and Gupta dynasties, unified large parts of South Asia under a central rule.

Bihar (disambiguation)

Bihar is a state in India.

Bihar may also refer to:

See also

Bihar County

Bihar was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary and a county of Partium (in the 17th century, when it was under the rule of the Princes of Transylvania). Its territory is now mostly in northwestern Romania, where it is administered as Bihor County, and a smaller part in eastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagyvárad (now Oradea in Romania).

Geography

Bihar County was situated along the upper courses of the rivers Körös, Sebes-Körös, Fekete-Körös and Berettyó). The medieval county also included Kalotaszeg region (now Țara Călatei in Romania). The total territory of the medieval county was around 10,000 km² (3,900 sq mi).

After 1876, Bihar county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Békés, Hajdú, Szabolcs, Szatmár, Szilágy, Kolozs, Torda-Aranyos and Arad. The western half of the county is in the Pannonian plain, while the eastern half is part of the Apuseni mountains. Its area was 10,657 km² (4,115 sq mi) around 1910.

History

Origins

Sharif

Sharīf Asharif or Alsharif (Arabic: شريف‎ šarīf) or Chérif (Darija: Chorfa) is a traditional Arab title in origin, the word is an adjective meaning "noble", "highborn". The feminine singular is sharifa(h) (Arabic: شريفة‎ šarīfah). The masculine plural is Ashraf (Arabic: اشراف‎ ʾašrāf).

Sunnis in the Arab world reserve the term sharif for descendants of Hasan ibn Ali, while sayyid is used for descendants of Husayn ibn Ali, Hasan's younger brother. Both Hasan and Husayn are grandchildren of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, through the marriage of his cousin Ali and his daughter Fatima. However ever since the post-Hashemite era began in 1925 after the fall of the Sharif of Mecca, the term sayyid has been used to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn. Shiites use the terms sayyid and habib to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn; see also ashraf.

From 1201 until 1925, when the Hejaz was conquered by Ibn Saud, this family (the descendants of Hasan ibn Ali) held the office of the Sharīf of Mecca, often also carrying the title and office of King of Hejaz. Descendants now rule the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the name being taken from the Banu Hashim, the sub-tribe of Banu Quraish, to which Muhammad belonged.

Sharif (disambiguation)

Sharif (also transliterated Sharīf or Sherif) is an Arabic word (شريف) meaning "noble" or "honourable" and a traditional Arab tribal title.

Sharif may also refer to:

Titles

People

Places

Other

See also

Sharif (cricketer)

Sharif is a List A cricketer from Bangladesh. He played one match for Chittagong Division in 2001/02, scoring 10 and taking 1 for 14 against the touring Zimbabweans.