Berwick-upon-Tweed

Coordinates: 55°46′16″N 2°00′25″W / 55.771°N 2.007°W / 55.771; -2.007

Berwick-upon-Tweed [ⁱ/ˈbɛrᵻk əpɒn ˈtwiːd/] Scottish Gaelic: Abaruig, Scots: Sooth Berwick) is a town in the county of Northumberland and is the northernmost town in England, on the east coast at the mouth of the River Tweed. It is 2 ¹⁄₂ miles (4 km) south of the Scottish border. It is about 56 miles (90 km) east-south east of Edinburgh, 65 miles (105 km) north of Newcastle upon Tyne and 345 miles (555 km) north of London.

The United Kingdom Census 2011 recorded Berwick's population as 12,043. A civil parish and town council were created in 2008.

Founded as an Anglo-Saxon settlement during the time of the kingdom of Northumbria, the area was for more than 400 years central to historic border war between the Kingdoms of England and Scotland, and several times possession of Berwick changed hands between the two kingdoms. The last time it changed hands was when England again took it in 1482. Berwick remains a traditional market town and also has some notable architectural features, in particular its medieval town walls, its Elizabethan ramparts and Britain's earliest barracks buildings (1717–21 by Nicholas Hawksmoor for the Board of Ordnance).

Borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed

Berwick-upon-Tweed was a local government district and borough in Northumberland in the north-east of England, on the border with Scotland. The district had a resident population of 25,949 according to the 2001 census, which also notes that it is the most ethnically homogeneous in the country, with 99.6% of the population recording themselves in the 2001 census as White. It was also the smallest district in England with borough status, and the third-least densely populated local government district (after Eden and Tynedale).

Its main town is Berwick-upon-Tweed, sited immediately to the north of the Tweed estuary. The town is ancient, the scene of a number of battles; it has perhaps the best remaining example of a (almost completely intact) town wall, built for defensive purposes.

On the south of the estuary, the port of Tweedmouth is the point of export of diverse goods, but especially grain and roadstone. The remainder of the borough is rural, bordered to the west by the Cheviot Hills, and to the east by a scenic coastline.

Berwick-upon-Tweed (disambiguation)

Places known as Berwick-upon-Tweed include:

in the county of Northumberland, England.

Berwick-upon-Tweed (UK Parliament constituency)

Berwick-upon-Tweed ⁱ/ˈbɛrᵻk əpɒn ˈtwiːd/ is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK parliament by an elected Member of Parliament (MP). Since 2015 this MP has been Anne-Marie Trevelyan of the Conservative Party who replaced the longest serving Liberal Democrat MP Sir Alan Beith who stood down prior to the 2015 election.

Boundaries

The constituency of Berwick-upon-Tweed is in the county of Northumberland. It includes as its northernmost point the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed and stretches south to include the towns of Alnwick and Amble — the Northumberland coast forms its long eastern boundary. Its length is roughly 50 miles (80 km) and its area is 2,310 square kilometres.

Predominantly rural in character, this constituency is the most northerly in England and is relatively sparsely populated.

Between 1918 and 1949 the constituency comprised Berwick upon Tweed Municipal Borough, the Urban Districts of Alnwick, Amble and Rothbury, together with the Rural Districts of Alnwick, Belford, Glendale, Norham & Islandshire and Rothbury.