In Christianity, the Beatitudes (anglicized from the Matthean Vulgate Latin section title: Beatitudines) are a set of teachings by Jesus that appear in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. The term Beatitude comes from the Latin adjective beatus which means happy, fortunate, or blissful.[1][2][3]
The teachings are expressed as eight blessings in the Sermon on the Mount in Matthew. Four similar blessings appear in the Sermon on the Plain in Luke and are followed by four woes that mirror the blessings.[4]
Each Beatitude consists of two phrases: the condition and the result. In almost all cases the phrases used are familiar from an Old Testament context, but in the sermon Jesus elevates them to new teachings.[5]
Together, the Beatitudes present a new set of Christian ideals that focus on love and humility rather than force and exaction. They echo the highest ideals of the teachings of Jesus on mercy; spirituality and compassion.[4][5]
Contents |
Biblical basis [link]
While opinions may vary as to exactly how many distinct statements the Beatitudes should be divided into (ranging from eight to ten), most scholars consider them to be only eight.[2][3] These eight of Matthew follow a simple pattern: Jesus names a group of people normally thought to be unfortunate and pronounces them blessed.[4]
Matthew [link]
The eight beatitudes in Matthew 5:3–12 during the Sermon on the Mount are stated as Blessed are:[2][3]
-
- the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. (5:3)
- they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. (5:4)
- the meek: for they shall inherit the earth. (5:5)
- they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they shall be filled. (5:6)
- the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy. (5:7)
- the pure in heart: for they shall see God. (5:8)
- the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God. (5:9)
- they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. (5:10)
In Matthew, these are followed by what is often viewed as a commentary ("when men shall revile you"), which R. T. France considers based on Isaiah 51:7.[6]
The beatitudes present only in Matthew are the meek, the merciful, the pure of heart, and the peacemakers.[5] The other four have similar entries in Luke, but are followed almost immediately by "four woes".
Luke [link]
The four beatitudes in Luke 6:20–22 during the Sermon on the Plain are stated as Blessed are you:[2][3]
-
- the poor: for yours is the kingdom of God.
- that hunger now: for ye shall be filled.
- that weep now: for ye shall laugh.
- when men shall hate you, and when they shall separate you from their company, and shall reproach you, and cast out your name as evil, for the Son of man's sake.
The four woes that follow these in Luke 6:24–26 are as stated as Woe unto you:[2]
-
- that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.
- that are full now! for ye shall hunger.
- that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
- when all men shall speak well of you! for in the same manner did their fathers to the false prophets.
These woes are distinct from the Seven Woes of the Pharisees that appear later in Luke 11:37–54.
Analysis and interpretation [link]
Each Beatitude consists of two phrases: the condition and the result. In almost all cases the phrases used are familiar from an Old Testament context, but in the sermon Jesus elevates them to new teachings.[5]
Together, the Beatitudes present a new set of ideals that focus on love and humility rather than force and exaction; they echo the highest ideals of his teachings on spirituality and compassion.[5]
The term the meek would be familiar in the Old Testament, e.g. as in in Psalms 37:11.[7] Although the beatitude concerning the meek has been much praised even by some non-Christians such as Mahatma Gandhi, some view the admonition to meekness skeptically, e.g. Friedrich Nietzsche saw the verse as embodying what he perceived as a slave morality.[8]
In Christian teachings, the Works of Mercy, which have corporal and spiritual components, have resonated with the theme of the Beatitude for mercy.[9] These teachings emphasize that these acts of mercy provide both temporal and spiritual benefits.[3][4] The theme of mercy has continued in devotions such as the Divine Mercy in the 20th century.[10]
The peacemakers have been traditionally interpreted, not only live in peace with others but do their best to promote friendship among mankind and between God and man. St. Gregory of Nyssa interpreted it as "Godly work", which was an imitation of God's love of man.[3][9]
Book of Mormon [link]
The Book of Mormon includes somewhat similar statements to Matthew 6, about teachings to the people of Nephi:[11][12]
See also [link]
- Community of the Beatitudes
- Divine Mercy
- Mercy
- Mount of Beatitudes
- Sermon on the Mount
- Sermon on the Plain
Notes [link]
- ^ The ladder of the Beatitudes by James H. Forest 1999 ISBN 978-1-57075-245-2 page 17
- ^ a b c d e The Westminster dictionary of New Testament and early Christian literature by David Edward Aune, 2003 ISBN 978-0-664-21917-8 pages 75-78
- ^ a b c d e f Catholic encyclopedia: Beatitudes
- ^ a b c d The Synoptics: Matthew, Mark, Luke by Ján Majerník, Joseph Ponessa, Laurie Watson Manhardt, 2005, ISBN 1-931018-31-6, pages 63–68.
- ^ a b c d e A Dictionary Of The Bible by James Hastings, 2004, ISBN 1-4102-1730-2, page 15–19.
- ^ France, R.T. (October 1987). The Gospel According to Matthew: an Introduction and Commentary (1 ed.). Leicester: Send the Light. ISBN 0-8028-0063-7.
- ^ Hill, David (June 1981). New Century Bible Commentary: Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-1886-2.
- ^ Nietzsche, Friedrich (1887). On the Genealogy of Morals. ISBN 978-0-679-72462-9; ISBN 0-679-72462-1.. https://books.google.com/books?id=OwGPCsLiBlwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Nietzsche+Friedrich+On+the+Genealogy+of+Morals+ISBN#v=onepage&q=Nietzsche%20Friedrich%20On%20the%20Genealogy%20of%20Morals%20ISBN&f=false.
- ^ a b Jesus the Peacemaker by Carol Frances Jegen 1986 ISBN 0-934134-36-7 pages 68-71
- ^ A Divine Mercy Resource by Richard Torretto 2010 ISBN 1-4502-3236-1 pages 53 and 126
- ^ The Book of Mormon Made Easier, Part III by David Ridges 2007 ISBN 1-55517-787-5 pages 148-149
- ^ Mormon.org
- ^ a b Lds.org
References [link]
- Kissinger, Warren S. The Sermon on the Mount: A History of Interpretation and Bibliography. Metuchen: Scarecrow Press, 1975.
- Twomey, M.W. "The Beatitudes". A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature. David Lyle Jeffrey, general editor. Grand Rapids: W.B. Eerdmans, 1992.
- Easwaran Eknath. Original Goodness (on Beatitudes). Nilgiri Press, 1989. ISBN 0-915132-91-5.
External links [link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Beatitudes |
|
Beatitudes
|
||
| Preceded by First disciples of Jesus |
Gospel harmony Events |
Succeeded by The Antitheses in the Sermon on the Mount |
https://wn.com/Beatitudes
Beatitude (album)
Beatitude is the debut album released by Ric Ocasek, lead singer and principal songwriter of The Cars. It was released by Geffen Records in 1982. It features Greg Hawkes of The Cars on keyboards, as well as Jules Shear and Stephen Hague from Jules and the Polar Bears.
Track listing
All tracks composed by Ric Ocasek; except where indicated
Although the album track "Connect Up to Me" was given an extended 12" remix, it was never released as a single. The extended mix is on the cassette and CD editions.
Personnel
Dada
Dada (/ˈdɑːdɑː/) or Dadaism was an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century. Dada in Zürich, Switzerland, began in 1916 at Cabaret Voltaire, spreading to Berlin shortly thereafter, but the height of New York Dada was the year before, in 1915. The term anti-art, a precursor to Dada, was coined by Marcel Duchamp around 1913 when he created his first readymades. Dada, in addition to being anti-war, had political affinities with the radical left and was also anti-bourgeois.
At least two works qualified as pre-Dadaist, a posteriori, had already sensitized the public and artists alike: Ubu Roi (1896) by Alfred Jarry, and the ballet Parade (1916–17) by Erik Satie. The roots of Dada lay in pre-war avant-garde. Cubism and the development of collage, combined with Wassily Kandinsky’s theoretical writings and abstraction, detached the movement from the constraints of reality and convention. The influence of French poets and the writings of German Expressionists liberated Dada from the tight correlation between words and meaning. Avant-garde circles outside France knew of pre-war Parisian developments. They had seen (or participated in) Cubist exhibitions held at Galería Dalmau, Barcelona (1912), Galerie Der Sturm in Berlin (1912), the Armory show in New York (1913), SVU Mánes in Prague (1914), several Jack of Diamonds exhibitions in Moscow and at De Moderne Kunstkring, Amsterdam (between 1911 and 1915). Futurism developed in response to the work of various artists. Dada subsequently combined these approaches.
Dada (2000 film)
Dada is an action Hindi film made in 2000. A revenge drama, with Mithun in the lead role.
Plot
A story of a simpleton whose life changes when he witnesses a shoot-out of a Don and rescues him. The don takes him as his successor. How the negative elements of the underworld influence him forms the film's finale.
Cast
External links
Dada (band)
Dada is a three piece rock band from California (United States). The band is made up of Michael Gurley (guitar/co-lead vocals), Joie Calio (bass/co-lead vocals) and Phil Leavitt (drums).
The band's songs feature both Michael and Joie sharing the vocals on each song. The group write highly melodic, harmony laden tunes, and their constant touring with two and a half to three hour performances has won them a wide fanbase.
History
1992 saw the release of their debut album Puzzle. First single "Dizz Knee Land" quickly became a staple of radio across the U.S. and reached as far as Australia, where the song and album went on high rotation on national radio station 'Triple J'. "Dizz Knee Land" reached number 2 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart, number 5 on the Billboard Modern Rock chart and number 27 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Chart;Puzzle went on to sell more than half a million copies and earned an RIAA Gold Record award. dada toured for the album with bands such as Crowded House and Izzy Stradlin & the Ju Ju Hounds, as well as Sting.
Podcasts:
-
by GWAR
-
by Meat Loaf
-
by Darkthrone
-
by Steppenwolf
-
by Deep Purple
-
by Lisa Germano
-
by Laura Branigan
-
by Happy Rhodes
-
by John Kay
-
by Peter Criss
-
by Honeymoon Suite
-
by Branigan Laura
-
by Articles Of Faith
-
by Dead Pets
-
by Witchtrap
-
by Crimson Rivers
-
by Cross
-
by This Is Past
Beat You To Death
by: GWARI am a throwback to primeval age
I'm easy to anger I'm quick to enrage
Get in my way and you forfeit your life
I'll orphan your children and widow your wife
Fight now! Til' ther's only one left
Right now! I will lay you to rest
I am the bringer of of thunder and pain
My fists of lead fall upon you like rain
Resistence is futile your fate has been sealed
I will not stop until you have been killed
Fight now! Til' there's only one left
Right now! I will lay you to rest
Cry out! With your last dying breath
Die now! As I beat you to death
I need no weapon to bring you to heel
My fist in your face is the last thing you feel
Beg me for mercy and see what it gets you
My only real pleasure is getting to hit you
Fight now! Til' there's only one left
Right now! I will lay you to rest
Cry out! With your last dying breath
Die now! As I beat you to death
I have no room in my heart for compassion
If you piss me off I will simply start smashin'
Your pleas for reason are simply pathetic
Why waste my words when my fists are poetic
Beat you down
To the ground
Break your bones
Final blow
And blood will flow
It's clobberin' time!
I hate you I hit you [x7]