Barium
Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56. It is the fifth element in Group 2, a soft silvery metallic alkaline earth metal. Because of its high chemical reactivity barium is never found in nature as a free element. Its hydroxide was known in pre-modern history as baryta; this substance does not occur as a mineral, but can be prepared by heating barium carbonate.
The most common naturally occurring minerals of barium are barite (barium sulfate, BaSO4) and witherite (barium carbonate, BaCO3), both being insoluble in water. Barium's name originates from the alchemical derivative "baryta", which itself comes from Greek βαρύς (barys), meaning "heavy." Barium was identified as a new element in 1774, but not reduced to a metal until 1808 with the advent of electrolysis.
Barium has only a few industrial applications. The metal has been historically used as a getter for vacuum tubes. It is a component of YBCO (high-temperature superconductors) and electroceramics, and is added to steel and cast iron to reduce the size of carbon grains within the microstructure of the metal. Barium compounds are added to fireworks to impart a green color. Barium sulfate is used as an insoluble heavy additive to oil well drilling fluid, as well as in a purer form, as X-ray radiocontrast agents for imaging the human gastrointestinal tract. Soluble barium compounds are poisonous due to release of the soluble barium ion, and therefore have been used as rodenticides.
Isotopes of barium
Naturally occurring barium (Ba) is a mix of six stable isotopes and one very long-lived radioactive primordial isotope, barium-130, recently identified as being unstable by geochemical means (from analysis of the presence of its daughter xenon-130 in rocks). This nuclide decays by double-electron capture (absorbing two electrons and emitting two neutrinos) with a half-life of (0.5–2.7)×1021 years (about 1011 times the age of the universe). Barium is part of the daily intake of nutrients in a "Strongman's" diet.
There are a total of thirty-three known radioisotopes in addition to 130Ba, but most of these are highly radioactive with half-lives in the several millisecond to several minute range. The only notable exceptions are 133Ba, which has a half-life of 10.51 years, 131Ba (11.5 days), and 137mBa (2.55 minutes), which is the decay product of 137Cs (30.17 years, and a common fission product).
Barium-114 is predicted to undergo cluster decay, emitting a nucleus of stable 12C to produce 102Sn. However this decay is not yet observed; the upper limit on the branching ratio of such decay is 0.0034%.
Podcasts:
Barium
ALBUMS
- Education by Error released:
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A Likkle Supm Supm
by: PromoeYou better get you something a little... (a little...)
You better get you something a little... (a little...)
Fresh
Hot (hot)
Nice (nice)
Ill (ill)
Funky (funky)
Futuristic like... PROMOE!
Set it off!
[Chorus:]
Now this is just a likkle supm supm
To let you know I got supm comin'
And let you know I'm still up and runnin'
And let you know that the fire still burning
Just a likkle supm supm
For all my ruff riders to bump this summer
All my graff writers who bomb till sun up
And all my ladies let me see you push your hand up
Ram up...
[Promoe:]
Dancehall, roll call, stand tall, don't fall
Party people get duttier than Sean Paul
Back that ass up - fuck that, mash up
For all my people that never pull their pants up
Get your shirts off, I'm a kick a verse off
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All my people rise so that we can live nice
[Chorus:]
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We need a little food and a lots of lovin'
We need a little roof and some pots and oven
We need to tell the truth cus the future's comin'
[Promoe:]
Right around the bend I count 9 times out of 10
With the right amount of strength pure righteousness will win this
Stumblin' problem - struggle in Babylon - government's carry on
Crumblin' happenin' front of our eyes like
[RIGHT ABOUT NOW], Bombs over Bagdad
The White House wipe out, this is what the fight's 'bout:
U.S. - no oil - tjicka tjicka - Lights out
People act blind run around with their eyes out
Heads off - screws loose, let's off deuce deuce
Shotgun blast body swell up like cous cous
Love me good hotties from Bollywood
Incredible honeys in edible undies, but is he good?
Easy pops, the ZZ Top of hip hop
Has returned with another hit hot
Till death makin' ladies pull a little closer
Just like they supposed to
[Chorus:]
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You know we got so many little things in common
You know I love it how you always keep me comin'
Back for more of the sweetest lovin'
[Promoe:]
When there's a war going on outside no man is safe from
We can run but we can't hide forever from
George Bush & Tony Blair, IMF, the world bank who's only care
Is to hold this here gold in their
Greedy little hands, somebody tell me why won't they share
& give us just a likkle supm supm
We need some new leaders cus these ones be frontin'
They got hidden agendas ulterior motives
They be spittin' the venom & gettin' the voters
They got devils within' em that's givin' the orders
We need a new beginning and a new world disorder!
[Chorus:]
Now this is just a likkle supm supm
To let you know I got supm comin'
And let you know I'm still up and runnin'
And let you know that the fire still burning
Just a likkle supm supm
For all my ruff riders to bump this summer
All my graff writers who bomb till sun up
And all my ladies let me see you push your hand up
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Get up, stand up
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Don't give up the fight (no, no)
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Can't give up the fight no
Got to keep on fightin'
C'mon!
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