Zong may refer to:
Zong is the pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 宗. The Wade-Giles transliteration is Tsung.
Zong is also a Cantonese-derived spelling for the surname Zhuang (庄/莊).
Zong (Urdu: زونگ) or China Mobile Pakistan is a pan Pakistani mobile network operator headquartered in Islamabad, which offers voice and data services ranging from postpaid and prepaid plans, 2G, 3G and 4G services, mobile banking to fixed telephony. It is the first oversea setup of China Mobile through acquisition of a license from Millicom to operate a GSM network in Pakistan in 2008. Zong is a 100% subsidiary of China Mobile.
It is Pakistan’s second largest GSM mobile service provider and third largest mobile service in terms of subscriber base of over 25.6 million. It has a market share of 19% among cellular operators in the country.
Zong commenced operations as Paktel by Cable & Wireless in 1991. It was the first company granted a free license to carry out cellular phone services in Pakistan. It carried out AMPS services until 2004, when the company launched GSM services.
In 2003, Millicom Corporation, who at that time were majority owners of Instaphone, bought Paktel from Cable & Wireless. Millicom installed a new management team headed by John Tumelty, former CEO of Instaphone, and Chief Financial Officer David Ordman.
Backbone is the Vertebral column of a vertebrate organism. It may also refer to:
Backbone (ISSN 1498-086X) is a Canadian business magazine and companion website that examine the role of technology and innovation within the context of Canadian business and economy. It keeps readers up to date on new ideas, trends and innovations in the technology world, and delivers information that related to the day-to-day operation of Canadian companies of all sizes.
In addition to its core focus on practical business insights, Backbone delivers stories on the role of digital media and technology on lifestyle and culture.
Backbone is published by Publimedia Communications Inc. The print magazine was distributed six times a year. Its stated average readership was 306,000. The first print issue of the magazine was released in January 2001. For many years during the print magazine's run, it was the only magazine focused on Canadian business and technology.
On March 13, 2015 the magazine's publisher and founder, Steve Dietrich, announced the print publication would cease, but that the website would continue. A decline in advertising revenue was stated by Dietrich as the prime reason.
Main chain
Backbone
That linear chain to which all other chains, long or short or both,
may be regarded as being pendant.
Note: Where two or more chains could equally be considered to be the
main chain, that one is selected which leads to the simplest representation
of the molecule.
In polymer science, the backbone chain or main chain of a polymer is the series of covalently bounded atoms that together create the continuous chain of the molecule.
In a way the character of the backbone chain depends on the type of polymerization: in step-growth polymerization the monomer moiety becomes the backbone, and thus the backbone is typically functional, like in polythiophenes or low band gap polymers in organic semiconductors. In chain-growth polymerization, typically applied for alkenes, the backbone is not functional, but is bearing the functional side chains or pendant groups. However, in polypeptides, the backbone is as important for the functionality of the polymer as the side chains. The backbone in polypeptides consists of carbon and nitrogen atoms of the constituent amino acids and does not include the side chains.