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Babia Góra
Babia Góra [ˈbabja ˈɡura] (in Polish), or Babia hora (in Slovak), literally Old Wives' or Witches' Mountain, is a massif situated on the border between Poland and Slovakia in the Western Beskidy Mountains. The name is also applied to the culmination of the massif, Diablak ("Devil's Peak"), which is also the highest peak of this part of the Carpathian Mountains, at 1,725 metres (5,659 ft) above sea level.
History
Babia Góra was first mentioned in the 15th century chronicle of Jan Długosz. It was first plotted on a map in 1558. Until the end of the 17th century most of the available information on the mountain came from folklore. According to folk tales, the mountain was the location of the witches' sabbath. The first known ascent was made in 1782 by the court astronomer of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, Jowin Fryderyk Bończa Bystrzycki. The period of scientific investigations began in the second half of the 19th century.
Nature
Gentle from the south, steep from the north, Babia Góra is home to bear, lynx, wolf and other species; as well as alpine flora endemic at this altitude. The first attempts to protect the area were made in the 1930s. In 1933 the Nature Reserve of Babia Góra was established on the Polish side. Later, in 1954, the Babia Góra National Park (Babiogórski Park Narodowy) was established with an area of 17.04 km². In 1976 it became one of the first Biosphere Reserves in the world. For a long time Babia Góra National Park was the smallest of the Polish national parks. In 1997 it was enlarged to 33.92 km² and a buffer zone was created of 84.37 km². Within the park, 10.62 km² is under strict protection. There are calls for strengthening of cross-border cooperation with Slovakia to better protect the fragile environment of the mountain.
Góra
Góra [ˈɡura] (German: Guhrau) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the administrative seat both of Góra County and of the smaller district (gmina) called Gmina Góra.
Geography
The town is located within the historic Lower Silesia region, approximately 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław. As at 2006, it has a population of 12,574.
History
The settlement in the Duchy of Silesia was first mentioned as Gora in an 1155 deed by Pope Adrian IV conveying the property to the Diocese of Wrocław. The name of the town means "hill" or "mountain" in Old Polish. In 1288 it became part of the Duchy of Głogów under the Piast duke Henry III and received Magdeburg rights. The German name Guhrau is first documented in 1336. From the 14th century onwards, the town developed to a centre of cloth manufacturing.
Guhrau was annexed by Prussia upon the First Silesian War in 1742 and from 1816 was the administrative seat of Landkreis Guhrau within the Province of Silesia. In World War II it was occupied by the Red Army during the 1945 Vistula–Oder Offensive. According to the Potsdam Agreement, the town fell to the Republic of Poland, while the remaining German population was expelled. Again a county seat from 1946, from 1975 to 1998 Góra belonged to Leszno Voivodeship.
Góra (disambiguation)
Góra is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-west Poland.
Góra (meaning in Polish "hill" or "mountain") may also refer to:
In Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland):
In Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland):
In Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland):
In Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland):
In Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland):
In Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland):
In Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland):
In Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland):
In other voivodeships:
Góra, Silesian Voivodeship
Góra [ˈɡura] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miedźna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Pszczyna and 32 km (20 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.
The village has a population of 2,554.
References
Coordinates: 49°58′25″N 19°6′34″E / 49.97361°N 19.10944°E
