Cytoplasmic tyrosine-protein kinase BMX is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BMX gene.[1][2]
Tyrosine kinases are either receptor molecules, which contain transmembrane and extracellular domains, or nonreceptor proteins, which are located intracellularly. One family of nonreceptor TKs includes the genes TEC (MIM 600583), TXK (MIM 600058), ITK (MIM 186973), and BTK (MIM 300300). All of these proteins are homologs of the Drosophila Src28 TK and contain an SH3 and SH2 domain upstream of the TK domain.[supplied by OMIM][2]
Interactions [link]
BMX (gene) has been shown to interact with PAK1,[3] PTK2,[4] PTPN21[5] and RUFY1.[6]
References [link]
- ^ Tamagnone L, Lahtinen I, Mustonen T, Virtaneva K, Francis F, Muscatelli F, Alitalo R, Smith CI, Larsson C, Alitalo K (December 1994). "BMX, a novel nonreceptor tyrosine kinase gene of the BTK/ITK/TEC/TXK family located in chromosome Xp22.2". Oncogene 9 (12): 3683–8. PMID 7970727.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: BMX BMX non-receptor tyrosine kinase". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=660.
- ^ Bagheri-Yarmand, R; Mandal M, Taludker A H, Wang R A, Vadlamudi R K, Kung H J, Kumar R (August 2001). "Etk/Bmx tyrosine kinase activates Pak1 and regulates tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 276 (31): 29403–9. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M103129200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11382770.
- ^ Chen, R; Kim O, Li M, Xiong X, Guan J L, Kung H J, Chen H, Shimizu Y, Qiu Y (May. 2001). "Regulation of the PH-domain-containing tyrosine kinase Etk by focal adhesion kinase through the FERM domain". Nat. Cell Biol. (England) 3 (5): 439–44. DOI:10.1038/35074500. ISSN 1465-7392. PMID 11331870.
- ^ Jui, H Y; Tseng R J, Wen X, Fang H I, Huang L M, Chen K Y, Kung H J, Ann D K, Shih H M (December 2000). "Protein-tyrosine phosphatase D1, a potential regulator and effector for Tec family kinases". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (52): 41124–32. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M007772200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11013262.
- ^ Yang, Jianbo; Kim Oekyung, Wu Jie, Qiu Yun (August 2002). "Interaction between tyrosine kinase Etk and a RUN domain- and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1. A possible role of ETK in regulation of vesicle trafficking". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (33): 30219–26. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M111933200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11877430.
Further reading [link]
- Robinson D, He F, Pretlow T, Kung HJ (1996). "A tyrosine kinase profile of prostate carcinoma". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (12): 5958–62. DOI:10.1073/pnas.93.12.5958. PMC 39170. PMID 8650201. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=39170.
- Kaukonen J, Lahtinen I, Laine S, et al. (1996). "BMX tyrosine kinase gene is expressed in granulocytes and myeloid leukaemias". Br. J. Haematol. 94 (3): 455–60. PMID 8790141.
- Ekman N, Lymboussaki A, Västrik I, et al. (1997). "Bmx tyrosine kinase is specifically expressed in the endocardium and the endothelium of large arteries". Circulation 96 (6): 1729–32. PMID 9323053.
- Saharinen P, Ekman N, Sarvas K, et al. (1997). "The Bmx tyrosine kinase induces activation of the Stat signaling pathway, which is specifically inhibited by protein kinase Cdelta". Blood 90 (11): 4341–53. PMID 9373245.
- Qiu Y, Robinson D, Pretlow TG, Kung HJ (1998). "Etk/Bmx, a tyrosine kinase with a pleckstrin-homology domain, is an effector of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase and is involved in interleukin 6-induced neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (7): 3644–9. DOI:10.1073/pnas.95.7.3644. PMC 19889. PMID 9520419. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=19889.
- Várnai P, Rother KI, Balla T (1999). "Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent membrane association of the Bruton's tyrosine kinase pleckstrin homology domain visualized in single living cells". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (16): 10983–9. DOI:10.1074/jbc.274.16.10983. PMID 10196179.
- Tsai YT, Su YH, Fang SS, et al. (2000). "Etk, a Btk Family Tyrosine Kinase, Mediates Cellular Transformation by Linking Src to STAT3 Activation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (6): 2043–54. DOI:10.1128/MCB.20.6.2043-2054.2000. PMC 110821. PMID 10688651. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=110821.
- Ekman N, Arighi E, Rajantie I, et al. (2000). "The Bmx tyrosine kinase is activated by IL-3 and G-CSF in a PI-3K dependent manner". Oncogene 19 (36): 4151–8. DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1203763. PMID 10962576.
- Jui HY, Tseng RJ, Wen X, et al. (2001). "Protein-tyrosine phosphatase D1, a potential regulator and effector for Tec family kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (52): 41124–32. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M007772200. PMID 11013262.
- Wu YM, Huang CL, Kung HJ, Huang CY (2001). "Proteolytic activation of ETK/Bmx tyrosine kinase by caspases". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (21): 17672–8. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010964200. PMID 11278797.
- Chen R, Kim O, Li M, et al. (2001). "Regulation of the PH-domain-containing tyrosine kinase Etk by focal adhesion kinase through the FERM domain". Nat. Cell Biol. 3 (5): 439–44. DOI:10.1038/35074500. PMID 11331870.
- Bagheri-Yarmand R, Mandal M, Taludker AH, et al. (2001). "Etk/Bmx tyrosine kinase activates Pak1 and regulates tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29403–9. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M103129200. PMID 11382770.
- Vargas L, Nore BF, Berglof A, et al. (2002). "Functional interaction of caveolin-1 with Bruton's tyrosine kinase and Bmx". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (11): 9351–7. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M108537200. PMID 11751885.
- Yang J, Kim O, Wu J, Qiu Y (2002). "Interaction between tyrosine kinase Etk and a RUN domain- and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1. A possible role of ETK in regulation of vesicle trafficking". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (33): 30219–26. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M111933200. PMID 11877430.
- Pan S, An P, Zhang R, et al. (2002). "Etk/Bmx as a Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type 2-Specific Kinase: Role in Endothelial Cell Migration and Angiogenesis". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (21): 7512–23. DOI:10.1128/MCB.22.21.7512-7523.2002. PMC 135657. PMID 12370298. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=135657.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. DOI:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Nore BF, Mattsson PT, Antonsson P, et al. (2003). "Identification of phosphorylation sites within the SH3 domains of Tec family tyrosine kinases". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1645 (2): 123–32. DOI:10.1016/S1570-9639(02)00524-1. PMID 12573241.
- Zhang R, Xu Y, Ekman N, et al. (2004). "Etk/Bmx transactivates vascular endothelial growth factor 2 and recruits phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to mediate the tumor necrosis factor-induced angiogenic pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (51): 51267–76. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M310678200. PMID 14532277.
- Chen KY, Huang LM, Kung HJ, et al. (2004). "The role of tyrosine kinase Etk/Bmx in EGF-induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells". Oncogene 23 (10): 1854–62. DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1207308. PMID 14676838.
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BMX
BMX, an abbreviation for bicycle motocross, is a cycle sport performed on BMX bikes, either in competitive BMX racing or freestyle BMX, or else in general on- or off-road recreation. BMX began when young cyclists appropriated motocross tracks for fun, racing and stunts, eventually evolving specialized BMX bikes and competitions.
History
BMX began in the early 1970s when children began racing their bicycles on dirt tracks in southern California, inspired by the motocross stars of the time. The size and availability of the Schwinn Sting-Ray and other wheelie bikes made them the natural bike of choice for these races, since they were easily customized for better handling and performance. BMX racing was a phenomenon by the mid-1970s. Children were racing standard road bikes off-road, around purpose-built tracks in California. The 1972 motorcycle racing documentary On Any Sunday is generally credited with inspiring the movement nationally in the United States; its opening scene shows kids riding their Sting-Rays off-road. By the middle of that decade, the sport achieved critical mass, and manufacturers began creating bicycles designed especially for the sport.
BMX (disambiguation)
BMX may refer to:
- BMX bike, a bicycle used for casual use and sport, and designed mainly for dirt and motocross cycling
B.A.T.M.A.N.
The Better Approach To Mobile Adhoc Networking (B.A.T.M.A.N.) is a routing protocol for multi-hop ad hoc networks which is under development by the "Freifunk" community and intended to replace OLSR. It can be used for mesh networks but this is not the only potential use.
B.A.T.M.A.N.'s crucial point is the decentralization of the knowledge about the best route through the network — no single node has all the data. This technique eliminates the need to spread information concerning network changes to every node in the network. The individual node only saves information about the "direction" it received data from and sends its data accordingly. The data gets passed on from node to node and packets get individual, dynamically created routes. A network of collective intelligence is created.
In early 2007, the B.A.T.M.A.N. developers started experimenting with the idea of routing on layer 2 (Ethernet layer) instead of layer 3. To differentiate from the layer 3 routing daemon, the suffix "adv" (for: advanced) was chosen. Instead of sending UDP packets and manipulating routing tables, it provides a virtual network interface and transparently transports packets on its own. The batman-adv kernel module has been part of the official Linux kernel since 2.6.38.
Gene
A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.
Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term "having a gene" (e.g., "good genes," "hair colour gene") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.
Eugene (given name)
Eugene is a common (masculine) first name that comes from the Greek εὐγενής (eugenēs), "noble", literally "well-born", from εὖ (eu), "well" and γένος (genos), "race, stock, kin".Gene is a common shortened form. The feminine variant is Eugenia or Eugénie.
Male foreign-language variants include:
Notable people
Christianity
Military
Gene (novel)
Gene is a thriller novel by Stel Pavlou (born 1970), published in 2005 in England by Simon & Schuster. It is published in several languages with some title changes. The Italian edition has the title La Conspirazione del Minotauro (The Minotaur Conspiracy). The novel is about a fictional New York detective, James North, who in the process of hunting down a criminal, uncovers a genetics experiment to unlock past lives through genetic memory, therefore achieving a kind of immortality. In so doing North discovers his own origins, that of a soldier from the Trojan War who is reincarnated seven times through history, forced to confront his nemesis each time, all for the loss of his one true love.
Characters
Cyclades (born circa 1300 BC)
Incarnations of Cyclades
Athanatos (born circa 1500 BC)
Incarnations of Athanatos
