Bilu'im, forerunners of the kibbutz movement

Bilu (Hebrew: ביל"ו‎) (also Palestine Pioneers[1]) was a movement whose goal was the agricultural settlement of the Land of Israel. Its members were known as Bilu'im.

Contents

Etymology [link]

"Bilu" is an acronym based on a verse from the Book of Isaiah (2:5) "בית יעקב לכו ונלכה" Beit Ya'akov Lekhu Venelkha ("House of Jacob, let us go [up]").

History [link]

The wave of pogroms of 1881-1884 and anti-Semitic May Laws of 1882 introduced by Tsar Alexander III of Russia prompted mass emigration of Jews from the Russian Empire. In July 1882, the first group of Bilu pioneers arrived in Ottoman Palestine. The group consisted of fourteen university students from Kharkov led by Israel Belkind, later a prominent writer and historian.[2] After a short stay at the Jewish farming school in Mikveh Israel, they joined Hovevei Zion colonists in establishing Rishon LeZion ("First to Zion"), an agricultural cooperative on land purchased from the Arab village of Ayun Kara.[3] Plagued by water shortages, illness and financial debt, the group abandoned the site within a few months. They then sought help from Baron Edmond James de Rothschild and Maurice de Hirsch, who provided funding that led to the establishment of the local wine industry.[4] In 1886, construction began on a winery in Rishon Lezion that became a successful wine-exporting enterprise. [5]

In the winter of 1884, another group of Bilu pioneers founded Gedera.[6] Gedera was established on a tract of land purchased from the Arab village of Qatra by Yehiel Michel Pines of the Lovers of Zion through the auspices of the French consul in Jaffa.[7]

See also [link]

References [link]

  1. ^ Gunther, John (June 12, 1939). "CHAIM WEIZMAN ZIONIST LEADER". LIFE. https://books.google.com/books?id=c0kEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA59&dq=bilu++%22palestine+pioneers%22&hl=en&ei=DXMrTZnDIIP58AaY_OWxAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=bilu%20%20%22palestine%20pioneers%22&f=false. 
  2. ^ Israel Belkind (1861-1929) - Jewish Virtual Library
  3. ^ Aaronson, Ran, Rothschild and early Jewish colonization in Palestine, Rowman & Minefield Publishers, 2000, pp.35-37
  4. ^ Annual: a survey of Israel's economy, 1955, p.66
  5. ^ [1][dead link]
  6. ^ Yuval Ben-Bassat (2009). "Proto-Zionist-Arab encounters in late nineteenth-century Palestine: Socioregional dimensions". Journal of Palestine Studies 38: 42–63. 
  7. ^ Israel Antiquities Authority, Conservation: Gedera, Tel Qatra,

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bilu'im

https://wn.com/Bilu

Bilu, Baneh

Bilu (Persian: بيلو‎‎, also Romanized as Bīlū) is a village in Kani Sur Rural District, Namshir District, Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 389, in 69 families.

References

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Bilu,_Baneh

Bilu, Marivan

Bilu (Persian: بيلو‎‎, also Romanized as Bīlū; also known as Belu) is a village in Khav and Mirabad Rural District, Khav and Mirabad District, Marivan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 600, in 120 families.

References

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Bilu,_Marivan

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