Attack (fencing)
In fencing, an attack is "the extension of the arm towards the target". In order for an attack to be awarded successfully the fencer must accelerate their hand and feet towards the target. If the fencer does not accelerate the hand or foot this is a preparation.
Tactical significance
The purpose of an attack is either to make a hit or to provoke a defensive reaction. In order to do either, the attacker must create a realistic threat. A fencer launches an attack by extending his weapon-carrying arm in such a way that the point (in any weapon) threatens the opponent's target area (except in sabre where the blade need not be threatening the target when the arm is extended, the right of way can still be given). The attack may be delivered with the aid of appropriate fencing footwork.
In weapons governed by priority rules (foil and sabre), the attacker gets priority (as a reward for his initiative). He retains this priority until his attack either misses, runs out of momentum, or is parried.