Atil
Atil (Turkish: İtil; cf. Chinese: 阿得/阿得水 A-de Shui), literally meaning "Big River", was the capital of Khazaria from the middle of the 8th century until the end of the 10th century. The word is also a Turkic name for the Volga River.
History
Atil was located along the Volga delta at the northwestern corner of the Caspian Sea. Following the defeat of the Khazars in the Second Arab-Khazar War, Atil became the capital of Khazaria. The city is referred to as Khamlij in 9th-century Arab sources, and the name Atil appears in the 10th century. At its height, the city was a major center of trade, and consisted of three parts separated by the Volga. The western part contained the administrative center of the city, with a court house and a large military garrison. The eastern part of the city was built later and acted as the commercial center of the Atil, and had many public baths and shops. Between them was an island on which stood the palaces of the Khazar Khagan and Bek. The island was connected to one of the other parts of the city by a pontoon bridge. According to Arab sources, one half of the city was referred to as Atil, while the other was named Khazaran.
Atil Municipality
Atil (municipality) is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico.
References
Coordinates: 30°50′37″N 111°35′02″W / 30.84361°N 111.58389°W / 30.84361; -111.58389
Atil (disambiguation)
Atil was the capital of Khazaria from the middle of the 8th century until the end of the 10th century, Atil may also refer to:
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