Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asif Jah I

Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan Siddiqi (20 August 1671 – 1 June 1748) was a Turkic<ref name=https://books.google.se/books?id=cT_rAAAAMAAJ&q=asaf+jahi+dynasty+turkic&dq=asaf+jahi+dynasty+turkic&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=x0KQVfDfAovpUqb-taAP&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAw>Usha R Bala Krishnan (2001). Jewels Of The Nizams. p. 14. </ref> nobleman the founder of the Asaf Jahi dynasty. He established the Hyderabad state, and ruled it from 1724 to 1748. He is also known by his titles Chin Qilich Khan (awarded by Aurangzeb in 1690–91), Nizam-ul-Mulk (awarded by Farrukhsiyar in 1713) and Asaf Jah (awarded by Muhammad Shah in 1725).

Birth

He was born to Ghazi ud-Din Khan Siddiqi Feroze Jung I and his first wife Wazir un-nisa Begum at Agra, 20 August 1671 as Mir Qamar ud-din Khan Siddiqi. The name was given to him by the Mughal Emperor Aurangazeb. His paternal and maternal grandparents were both important Mughal generals and courtiers namely; Kilich Khan II (Paternal) and Jumlat-ul-Mulk Allami Sa'adullah Khan (Maternal), the Prime Minister of Emperor Shah Jahan.

Nizam of Hyderabad

The Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad, popularly known as the Nizam of Hyderabad, was a monarch of the Hyderabad State, now divided into Telangana state, Hyderabad-Karnataka region of Karnataka and Marathwada region of Maharashtra. Nizam, shortened from Nizam-ul-Mulk, meaning Administrator of the Realm, was the title of the sovereigns of Hyderabad State was the premier Prince of India, since 1724, belonging to the Asaf Jah dynasty.

The Asaf Jah Dynasty was founded by Mir Qamar-ud-Din Siddiqi, a viceroy of the Deccan under the Mughal Empire from 1713 to 1721. He intermittently ruled after Aurangzeb's death in 1707. In 1724, Mughal control lapsed, and Asaf Jah declared himself independent in Hyderabad.

Following the decline of the Mughal power, India saw the rise of Maratha Empire. The Nizam himself saw many invasions by the Marathas, which resulted in the Nizam paying a regular tax (Chauth) to the Marathas. The major battles fought between the Marathas and the Nizam include Palkhed, Udgir, Rakshasbhuvan, and Kharda, in all of which the Nizam lost.