Arp 220

Arp 220 is the result of a collision between two galaxies which are now in the process of merging. Located 250 million light-years away in the constellation Serpens, it is the 220th object in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.

Features

Arp 220 is the closest Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy (ULIRG) to Earth. Its energy output was discovered by IRAS to be dominated by the far-infrared part of the spectrum. It is often regarded as the prototypical ULIRG and has been the subject of much study as a result. Most of its energy output is thought to be the result of a massive burst of star formation, or starburst, probably triggered by the merging of two smaller galaxies. Recent (2002 and 1997) HST observations of Arp 220, taken in visible light with the ACS, and in infrared light with NICMOS, revealed more than 200 huge star clusters in the central part of the galaxy. The most massive of these clusters contains enough material to equal about 10 million suns. X-ray observations by the Chandra and XMM-Newton satellites have shown that Arp 220 probably includes an active galactic nucleus (AGN) at its core, which raises interesting questions about the link between galaxy mergers and AGN, since it is believed that galactic mergers often trigger starbursts, and may also give rise to the supermassive black holes that appear to power AGN.

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location on Google Map

Arp, Texas

Arp is a city in Smith County, in the U.S. state of Texas. It is part of the Tyler, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area. According to the United States Census Bureau, the population was 976 in 2009.

History

The settlement now known as Arp was originally called Strawberry. The town was renamed for Bill Arp (pen name of Charles Henry Smith), a Georgia humorist who was nationally known in the late 19th century. The new name was supposedly chosen for its brevity, which allowed local strawberry producers to spend less time hand-marking their crates.

Geography

Arp is located at 32°13′33″N 95°3′19″W / 32.22583°N 95.05528°W / 32.22583; -95.05528 (32.225794, -95.055140).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.5 square miles (6.3 km²), all land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 901 people, 361 households, and 259 families residing in the city. The population density was 367.6 people per square mile (142.0/km²). There were 405 housing units at an average density of 165.2 per square mile (63.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.34% White, 3.22% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.44% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.55% of the population.

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Krasue

The Krasue (Thai: กระสือ, /krà.sɯ̌ː/), known as Ahp (Khmer: អាប) in Cambodia and as Kasu (Lao: ກະສື, /ka.sɯ̌ː/) in Laos, is a nocturnal female spirit of Southeast Asian folklore. It manifests itself as a woman, usually young and beautiful, with her internal organs hanging down from the neck, trailing below the head.

According to Thai ethnographer Phraya Anuman Rajadhon, the Krasue consists of a floating head accompanied by a will-o'-the-wisp kind of luminescent glow. The explanations attempted about the origin of the glow include the presence of methane in marshy areas. The Krasue is often said to live in the same areas as Krahang, a male spirit of the Thai folklore.

This spirit moves about by hovering in the air above the ground, for it has no lower body. The throat may be represented in different ways, either as only the trachea or with the whole neck. The organs below the head usually include the heart and the stomach with a length of intestine, the intestinal tract emphasizing the ghost's voracious nature. In recent movie Krasue Valentine, this ghost is represented with more internal organs, such as lungs and liver, but much reduced in size and anatomically out of proportion with the head. The viscera are sometimes represented freshly daubed with blood, as well as glowing. In contemporary representations her teeth often include pointed fangs in yakkha (Thai: ยักษ์) or vampire fashion. In the movie Ghosts of Guts Eater she has a halo around her head.

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NGC 4088

NGC 4088 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy forms a physical pair with NGC 4085, which is located 11′ away.

NGC 4088 is a grand design spiral galaxy. This means that the spiral arms in the galaxy's disk are sharply defined. In visible light, one of the spiral arms appears to have a disconnected segment. Halton Arp included this galaxy in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as one of several examples where this phenomenon occurs.

NGC 4088 and NGC 4085 are members of the M109 Group, a group of galaxies located in the constellation Ursa Major. This large group contains between 41 and 58 galaxies, including the spiral galaxy M109.

Supernova 2009dd

On April 13, 2009, SN 2009dd was discovered in NGC 4088. At apparent magnitude 13.8, it became the 3rd brightest supernova of 2009. In 1991 there was SN1991G.